dicotyledon plants was considered less advanced than monocotyledon and gymnosperms, and C4 plants Sorghum Sugar cane are more advanced than cereals
Please have a look at this link for answer.
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/155/1/56.full
monocotyledon are rather small group of plants compare to genetically diverse dicotyledons, so, the comparison of evolution progress must be narrowed. Anyway, monocots have more genes moved from chloroplast to nucleolus resulting smaller chloroplast genome with better controlled photosynthesis. Adding C4 mechanism, average monocot is better adaptable to diverse and harsh environment comparing to average dicot.
Are there any specific gens were moved from cytoplasm to nucleus ..... there are many genes coded from both and thir polypeptides combined to assembled gene for instance male sterility, Ribisco.... Please name some of genes if you do not mind
I worked with such subject 10 years ago, must renew some information....
I would like just to add that in Evolutionary Biology there is no such term as more or less evolved. You could argue that an organism is more or less complex in structure, metabolism, genome, etc but you cannot say one organism is more evolved or advanced. Organisms that do not adapt (therefore evolve) are extinguished by selection pressures.
Evolution does not have an intention, all organisms existing at a given time point have been selected by nature to occur in a ecological niche. So, all of them have evolved, some developed more complex features that is all. Evolution does not mean advancement, it mean only change. If they exist in our current time, even if they are in the basal level of a cladogram, that does not mean less evolved.
Concerning the C4 plants. There is a great deal of interest in plant science community in C4 plants because their energy efficiency versus C3. In our world where climate change seem to be a major pressure for agriculture, trying to adapt C4 mechanism to commercial crops is important (i.e. RIPE project to make C4 rice)!
Concerning the time when the first C4 plants appeared, you could also say that it is a very recent innovation and C4 plants are poliphyletic group.
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