Just because of dynamic masking, BERT uses the same masking architecture in each epoch while RoBERTa uses a different/dynamic masking structure in each epoch. This is also the reason for requiring a larger & related dataset to train and get robust results.
Dynamic Masking: RoBERTa uses dynamic masking, where the model predicts masked tokens with different probabilities, rather than BERT's static masking, where the same tokens are masked with the same probability.
Data Augmentation: RoBERTa applies more aggressive data augmentation techniques, such as sentence breaking and back translation, to increase the size of the training data.
Optimization: RoBERTa optimizes the pre-training procedure of BERT by removing the next sentence prediction objective and training the model longer on a larger corpus of data.
Pre-training Corpus: RoBERTa is trained on a more diverse and larger corpus of data compared to BERT, which includes a wider range of text types, such as web pages and scientific articles.
Fine-Tuning Procedure: RoBERTa fine-tunes models in a way that reduces overfitting and leads to better generalization performance on downstream tasks.
RoBERTa is an improved model over BERT in a number of ways.
These enhancements include the elimination of the next sentence prediction target, the use of dynamic masking during training, training on larger datasets for longer periods of time, and the use of more advanced optimization approaches.
RoBERTa also has more parameters than BERT, which makes it possible for it to effectively capture complicated linguistic patterns.