Using a muffle furnace, I synthesised several ferrite materials with varying sintering temperatures. Cotton and wood are used inside a muffle furnace, but they are not burnt since the muffle furnace is kept at a higher temperature. why?
The material inside the muffle furnace is not actually cotton, it is a ceramic fiber blanket, composed of aluminum oxide. It can withstand up to 1700 C.
If I understood your question in another way, then the following statement would be the answer to your question.
The ignition temperature of cotton is around 300 C, So, to burn out completely, the temperature of the muffle furnace should be more than the ignition temperature of the cotton.
It is due to the ceramic layer coting present inside the furnace. If you notice carefully the glass-wool layers at the door of the furnace degrade slowly as it is the part of the iron material of the furnace door.