Why is monitoring of insect pest important in integrated pest management and how climate change affects insects, pest management and food security?
Climate change can affect the population size, survival rate and geographical distribution of pests; and the intensity, development and geographical distribution of diseases. Temperature and rainfall are the big drivers of shifts in how and where pests and diseases spread, according to experts. Increased temperatures will also increase the pest population, and water stressed plants at times may result in increased insect populations and pest outbreaks. This will affect the crop yield and availability of food grains and threaten food security. Pest monitoring include early warnings, detection of presence and distribution of pests and their natural enemies and the impact of weather and other environmental factor on pest/beneficial populations, provision of historical record of the farm, and evaluation of control program
In fact Monitoring for insects and diseases and for plant or fruit injury is essential for effective pest management. Knowing what pests are active and when, optimizes pesticide treatments. Regular monitoring provides information on: early warning of potential pest problems. In IPM, monitoring and correct pest identification helps to decide whether management is needed. Monitoring means checking your field, landscape, forest, or building or other site to identify which pests are present, how many there are, or what damage they've caused. Monitoring pest populations is important to determine the onset of the pest in the crop being protected, seasonal patterns of the pest population, movement of the pest in the crop, life stage of the pest, abundance and distribution of the pest in the crop, and finally to assess the effectiveness of management tactics. In order to prevent crop damage from insects and diseases it is essential that crops be inspected regularly. These inspections should be done regularly and could be done in conjunction with inspections for weed densities and crop nutrient and water status. Climate change has increased pest population and their damage potential by expanding distribution, enhancing survivability and allowing developing the adaptability of insect pest. Rising temperature, modified precipitation patterns, disturbed gaseous composition of atmosphere etc. Increased temperatures will also increase the pest population, and water stressed plants at times may result in increased insect populations and pest outbreaks. This will affect the crop yield and availability of food grains and threaten food security. Climate change can affect the population size, survival rate and geographical distribution of pests; and the intensity, development and geographical distribution of diseases. Temperature and rainfall are the big drivers of shifts in how and where pests and diseases spread.
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