Why is latitude the most important factor that affects climate and what latitude is there almost no differences between the seasons and why?
The most important factor is latitude because different latitudes receive different amounts of solar radiation. The maximum annual temperature of the Earth, showing a roughly gradual temperature gradient from the low to the high latitudes. The Equator receives the most solar radiation. Near the equator, for instance, all seasons are much the same. Every day of the year, the Sun is up half the time, so there are approximately 12 hours of sunshine and 12 hours of night. The heat of the sun is more in low latitudes in the high latitudes. The sun's rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. As a result, the equatorial region is much warmer than the polar region.
Rk Naresh
You wrote "The sun's rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. As a result, the equatorial region is much warmer than the polar region."
That is not entirely true. In the polar regions during summer the day length can be up to 24 hours long which allows the temperaturethere to continually rise with the result that higher temperatures can be acheived.
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