UNFCC has developed many protocols for CDM projects as well as carbon credits but most them fall in the energy sectors. Very few are given in Reforestation and afforestation projects. Why this parity ? Either there is less research on tree based interventions or these projects are more concentrated in developing countries. Similar done validation of carbon credits through plantation based projects in CDM. While in INDC every county commit the reduction of GHGs by plantation activities on hecatres of land but not given effective representation in UNFCC protocol.
Thanks Keeneth and Liou. generally plantation are not taking place in arable land or in that case under agrofoestry. So if reafforestation or afforestation done in on arable land without reducing the cropped area it can be promoted. @ Liou your opinion is correct as per report but the technology and cost involved in energy sector project is may 4-5 times than afforesation projects, if I am correct and economics of any interventions in CDM project is equally important as far as long term adoption.
Who said all tree enedible ? tree do provide unlimited food products too besides fuel, fodder, fibres etc. You mean to say agriculture can be practiced only in solo fields without any tree vegetation. Most of part of the globe small and marginal farmers practices the agroforestry means have some number of trees on their farm for not direct benefits they get form trees also to support risk of failure of agriculture crops. Generally Solar and Wind farms are not erected on arable lands and no competition. Moreover to compare wind and solar farms with agroforestry is not justified farmers are only single objective of energy production while agroforestry is a sustainable land management practice.
The Montpellier Fourth World Congress on Agroforestry follows earlier World Congresses on Agroforestry in Orlando (USA) in 2004 (Working Together for Sustainable Landuse Systems), Nairobi (Kenya) in 2009 (Agroforestry - The Future of Global Land Use) and New Delhi (India) in 2014 (Trees for Life: Accelerating the Impacts of Agroforestry).
The Congress’ theme is "Agroforestry - Strengthening links between science, society and policy".
The choice of this three-fold theme “science-society-policy” follows the recognition that:
- Agroforestry has a role to play in most of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals
- Climate change presents a formidable challenge that has to be addressed by the world, with agroforestry potentially playing a key role for both climate change adaptation and mitigation
- Global Climate policy (Since Paris’ COP21) has for the first time internationally accepted emission reduction targets, and most countries will be reporting on emissions from Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU). However, countries will need good science to quantify the role that trees and forests can play in mitigation and adaptation, and effective social dialogue to enable greenhouse gases mitigation projects and policies to be implemented
- The European Union has a climate policy of "encouraging the sustainable intensification of food production, while optimizing the sector's contribution to greenhouse gas mitigation and sequestration, including through afforestation", but Member States are increasingly asking whether agroforestry can be an alternative to large-scale afforestation
- Organizations which certify sustainable management of forests and agriculture (e.g. PEFC, FSC, GlobalGAP) are becoming interested in certifying areas of "Trees outside Forests"
- 45% of world agriculture has a tree crown cover of more than 10%, as shown in a study by ICRAF
- Citizens and consumers globally are seeking the development of alternative solutions to intensive agriculture
- France is particularly active in the above and has a policy for "50% of its farmers to be using agroforestry by 2025", and has actively promoted the 4‰ Action Plan to increase carbon storage in soils.
Sir, thease are some weak points of CDM projects on Afforestation and reforestation.
First generation CDM methodologies and
procedures are still complex and time-consuming.
• If marginalized, social issues may threaten project
success.
• High upfront-financing and late returns.
• Projects bear risks of non-approval under the CDM,
forestry and non-permanence risks.
Thanks S. Sarvade . Who will generate methodologies? we the foresters/ agroforesters has to develop methodologies for RF/AF CDM projects for different ecological situations and species. Though there are some protocols in adoptions and benefits also derived but up scaling of same is needed.
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