China is a major player in global aquaculture, contributing 61.62% of total production, where as India ranked 2nd, contributes 6.62%. Together they produced nearly 70% of earth aquaculture production but yet no commercial vaccines are available; why?
The most straightforward and simple answer to you very plause-worthy question is that in these two countries, the general business tendencies have been, and perhaps will remain in future, to exploit every possible profit out of the traded goods with hardly ever thinking about the qualities. Quantity plays a big part in these two Asian demographic forebears of the world and investing either time, effort or monetary resources in either oral, immersion or injection vaccination of the cultivated piscifauna, according to the prevalent mental states of the farm owners, will simply be not lucrative for the business. They are spending a fortune to combat mortality and diseases of their stocks in most of the low tech mom and pop non-intensive or semi-intensive cultures but will simply not educate themselves at least enough to understand vaccination or to practice it in some of their cultures to check for better results. Investing small amounts with the hope of getting the greatest return has always been a handicap in this side of the world and have always impeded while trying to implement something new, better and more beneficial at a comparatively higher expense.
Regards,
Dr. Abhishek Mukherjee
Dr. Mukherjee, thank you for the answer.
Quantity plays a big part in these two Asian demographic forebears of the world a......... to the prevalent mental states of the farm owners, will simply be not lucrative for the business.
They are spending a fortune to combat mortality and diseases ........ to check for better results.
I agreed with above two sentence ...I appreciate your effort.
Dear Dr. Neil, Thank you.
Vaccination may first need costly decades of research, followed by development against a single pathogen within a single species.
I agreed with your above statement.
Vaccination are now inextricable part of Norwegian aquaculture industry for Salmonids, Channel catfish in USA and Trouts in Canada and Chile. Vaccination is the best alternative to combat bacterial and viral disease for the sustainable aquaculture.
China not using vaccines in Common carp, Grass carp and Silver carp Industry currently, similarly India can go for vaccinating Indian Major Carps (IMC) against few bacterial pathogens like Aermonas hydrophila.
Dear Mr. Muhammad,
I should thank you too for airing a very neglected issue which should have otherwise been the most acted upon and relevant one.
China and India not using vaccines in a recognizable scale may be owing to their non-preparedness to meet the relatively high costs of the vaccines for saving again relatively lower cost fishes. It might be just a case of socio-economics in aquaculture.
Honorable sir Dr. MN Kutty, thank you very much for the much expected answer, probably for the above reasons fishes are not vaccinated in these two countries.
Dear Mr Muhammad,
Good to see your efforts to raise the issue.
Referring to the annual quantitative aquaculture production data, China (PRC) and India are first and second in the order of production, but these two countries may not be exploiting the maximum number of fish species (Biodiversity Utilization in Aquaculture, BUA) (see my list of articles in ResearchGate). In an analysis made by me, based on FAO data for 1996 (FAO, 1998), the number of species utilized (annual qualitative production values) were the highest for Korea (RoK) and Taiwan (51 species each), whereas for China and India the numbers utilized in the same year were 29 and 13 respectively).
Reference: FAO (1998) Aquaculture Production Statistics. Fish.Circ., 815 (Rev.10), 157p.
Honorable sir, thank you for providing the new thought and idea, definitely I will go through your publications on BUA.
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