Why does a sol-gel coated solid thin film turn into a porous thin film upon heat treatment?

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Any recent or past work on anti tarnish coating on silver and copper?

I want to know conventional methods available to remove the tarnish as well as prevention methods of tarnish of metals.

11 December 2013 7,640 1 View

Why refractive index is called as optical constant, but it changes with wavelength?

As wavelength increases, R.I. decreases (generally).

10 November 2013 5,353 3 View

Why does a sol-gel coated thin film (fused silica or soda lime glass) reflection change colour?

Immediately after coating I can see one color (from reflection) and after heat treatment some other color (from reflection). Why is that particular color(light) undergoing constructive...

10 November 2013 6,926 14 View

How one can estimate the amount of powder extracted by drying sol at room temperature?

Is there any standard ratio to formulate the composition of sol? That is, solvent : precursor : complexing agent. Alkoxide + alcohol + complexing agent (with and without).

09 October 2013 5,116 1 View

What is the role of the complexing agent in sol-gel process?

I have prepared two sols, one with complexing agent and other without complexing agent. Both the sols are stable and transperent, but when deposited films on glass substrate using dip coating, sol...

09 October 2013 3,563 10 View

How to estimate the thickness of thin film from the light reflected from it?

Just by visual inspection.

09 October 2013 4,789 8 View

How does roughness of thin film effect surface properties?

I have deposited a oxide thin film on metal substrate.

09 October 2013 9,712 5 View

Protein-aptamer gel electrophoresis help, please??

Hi, I have problems with running gel electrophoresis. I have tried agarose gel electrophoresis and native PAGE. I have two proteins, which have molecular weights of ~30kDa and ~180kDa and two...

03 March 2021 4,275 4 View

Why can't make aluminum nitride film successfully by use sputter?

We use reactive sputtering process to make aluminum nitride film, and want to make c-axis aluminum nitride film on a silicon substrate, but the crystal orientation cannot be seen with...

03 March 2021 7,975 3 View

Gel electrophoresis result for total RNA samples, 1.5 Agarose gel was used, How to improve the integrity of RNA?

Gel electrophoresis, RNA degradation, RNA extraction from fresh tissue

02 March 2021 5,433 5 View

How to regulate SSCP temperature in simple PAGE?

I'd like to perform single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in my thesis, however I cannot control the temperature of the vertical PAGE since we are using the conventional tanks. Is there a...

02 March 2021 9,157 1 View

Adherance of Polyaniline coating over stainless steel?

Is the electropolymerisation of polyaniline coating over stainless steel (SS) via Cyclic voltammetry technique is really adherant? Else how to improve the adhesion of the coating, whether any...

01 March 2021 8,220 2 View

Why are my bands weird in this Agarose gel?

Can someone please give me some possible things that could go wrong? Here is my recipe: 0.5g Agarose 50 mL of TAE 1x 1 uL ethyl bromide. Gel was run at 100V for 1 hour. The buffer used is also TAE.

01 March 2021 9,952 3 View

What are the new 2D nanomaterials were used for Silver nanoparticles stabilization?

In the stabilization of AgNPs are vital in current research interest. However, some of the 2D nano-materials like graphene oxide, MoS2, etc... previously used to stabilize it. But still they shown...

01 March 2021 2,207 3 View

How to check the uv-vis absorption of nanoparticle by surface plasmon resonance?

I try to check the uv-vis absorption of Indium nanoparticle. Now I am measuring in solution, can I measure it in the form of a film?

01 March 2021 930 3 View

Precipitate after adding laemmli buffer to protein solution containing Potassium Acetate?

Hi, I am running a size exclusion chromatography experiment with a buffer containing Potassium Acetate as a salt. I analyse these fractions through SDS-PAGE. After boiling my SEC fractions in...

01 March 2021 2,622 3 View

Apart from Nanosilica and CNT's what are the other nanomaterials readily available to use in concrete mixture?

Nanotechnology in concrete materials

01 March 2021 3,379 3 View

Elena Yu. Ladilina

Your sol-gel coated "solid" thin film contain the water and solwent! They evaporate from the composition by heat treatment!

Brian G Higgins

The beauty of the sol-gel process is that one can manipulate the chemistry to get different gel structures which may be, for example, highly branched ( ramified-like ) polymers, linear polymers or even mono dispersed colloidal particles- so called Stober process. Take a look at my publication on Tantalum pentoxide sol gel films:

"Solgel derived tantalum pentoxide films as ultraviolet antireflective coatings for silicon" which you can download from this site.