I do not understand the point of half cell measuring of cathode or anode materials before testing them in a full cell. Any explanations or suggested literature?
Half-cell is measured normally against standard electrode with known potential at the condition of measurements. In that way, the half cell of the material we doing research, can be idealized. For instance:
Li+ + e --> Li (which is around 3.05 V versus NHE).
Now consider you have oxide material which can host the Li+ (intercalation or insertion)
MO + xLi+ + xe --> MLixO
The inserted lithium ideally, should be extracted, deintercalated in the oxidation process.
Say that you measure the potential of that material and it is 2.5 vs. Li/Li+
Then you know when you applying this material against other material (B) (in the cell not half-cell) which will be the cathode and the anode and you will know also the exact voltage of that cell. This material (B) is identified in smiliar way.
I suggest reading the Electrochemical methods. Fundamentals and applications (2ed., Wiley, 2001) by Bard A.J., Faulkner L.R. , or any other available reference of electrochemistry.
Half-cell is measured normally against standard electrode with known potential at the condition of measurements. In that way, the half cell of the material we doing research, can be idealized. For instance:
Li+ + e --> Li (which is around 3.05 V versus NHE).
Now consider you have oxide material which can host the Li+ (intercalation or insertion)
MO + xLi+ + xe --> MLixO
The inserted lithium ideally, should be extracted, deintercalated in the oxidation process.
Say that you measure the potential of that material and it is 2.5 vs. Li/Li+
Then you know when you applying this material against other material (B) (in the cell not half-cell) which will be the cathode and the anode and you will know also the exact voltage of that cell. This material (B) is identified in smiliar way.
I suggest reading the Electrochemical methods. Fundamentals and applications (2ed., Wiley, 2001) by Bard A.J., Faulkner L.R. , or any other available reference of electrochemistry.
The performance of the full cell can be judged with the help of combination of two different electrodes. In a half cell reaction, working electrode is coupled with known standard potential electrode ie. Li/Li+. This will gives the more detail information on the working electrode .Particularly for a single electrode, the electrochemical characteristics only depends on the nature of reaction and independent of whether the electrode is galvanic or electrolytic.