why discharge time in supercapacitors is higher than charge times?
Ibtissem Ben Assaker, The discharge time in supercapacitors is higher than charge times due to their rapid energy release capability and resilience, making them ideal for short term energy storage and burst mode power delivery.
- Riaz, A., Sarker, M. R., Saad, M. H. M., & Mohamed, R. (2021). Review on comparison of different energy storage technologies used in micro-energy harvesting, WSNs, low-cost microelectronic devices: challenges and recommendations. Sensors, 21(15), 5041.
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Ibtissem Ben Assaker , In supercapacitors, extended discharge durations relative to charging periods are attributed to multiple factors. Ion redistribution dynamics differ between the rapid migration to electrode surfaces during charge accumulation and the slower return to the electrolyte during discharge, particularly when ions penetrate deeply into electrode pores is one of the main factor. Another factor includes internal resistance, which is more easily overcome during active charging, inherently limits energy release rates during passive discharge, thereby extending duration. Voltage behavior also contributes, with the constant current of charging contrasting with a non-linear voltage drop (IR drop) during discharge, influenced by capacitance and resistance characteristics. Electrode kinetics further dictate discharge rates, as natural ion movement without external driving forces is inherently slower. Additionally, energy utilization efficiency is reduced by internal resistance, leading to premature cessation of discharge before complete depletion of stored charge. For further understanding you can read these articles:
1. Article Electrolyte additive induced fast-charge/slow-discharge proc...
2. 10.1109/PES.2008.4596322
3. 10.1109/ROMA55875.2022.9915666
4. Article The self-discharging of supercapacitors interpreted in terms...
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