David Hume.
1)"Those two disciplines were already recognized by the 18th-century Scottish empiricist and skeptic David Hume as concerned merely with the “relations of ideas,” and, in a later phase of positivism, they were classified as purely formal sciences"(Feigl 2024).
Feigl, Herbert. "positivism". Encyclopedia Britannica, 12 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/positivism. Accessed 2 June 2024.
2)"Karl Popper believed that scientific knowledge is provisional – the best we can do at the moment. Popper is known for his attempt to refute the classical positivist account of the scientific method by replacing induction with the falsification principle" ( https://www.simplypsychology.org/karl-popper.html ).