My question is that in a Vector Network Analyzer when I make a loop antenna like a rectangle to sense a RFID tag, which parameters are important and should be calculated.
You can use the network analyzer to get out how far your antenna is matched to its source or load impedances. As one port device, one can calculate S11, of the antenna. As a ratio it is equal to the reflection coefficient at the antenna port. The return loss is calculated as 20 log IS11i, and the VSWR, voltage standing wave ratio= VSWR = (1+ I S11I)/ (1-IS11I).
For more information please return to the sites: pilloud.net/op_web/one_port.pdf ,
and the site: https://www.zebra.com/us/en/products/spec.../rfid-rfidantenna-spec-sheet-en.html
To make loop antenna in VNA, S-parameters and stability factor must be calculated. For more information kindly refer to the presentation on basics of RF Amplifier Test with the VNA.
The S11 is primarily, in turn, impedence to be measured as explained by Dr Abdelhalim Zekry . Apart from that, in consideration with near field utility, pattern stability is very important factor.
If antenna is used as a directive, then gain and beam width should be measured