Iquo Takon;

In contrast to your statement, I think that Most aqueous plants extracts are less active against most microorganisms than ethanolic extracts.

- The active ingredients in a specific plant extract may depend on plant species

- The activity of a specific plant extract may depend on the type of microorganisms

You select Polar, midpolar and nonpolar solvent for extraction of phytochemicals.

By using soxhlet extracter extraxt it for 8, 16,24 and 36h. reconstitute the extract.

prepare different concentration of extract in the range 1ppm to 1000ppm.

optimize the range and go for microbial assay.

@ Iquo Takon ,

Water is a universal solvent. But all Phytochemicals may not be soluble in it. Thus use of other polar or non polar solvent is suggested to get most of the Phytochemicals screened. Methodology includes keeping the fresh crushed plant materials in water, or some other solvents of the choice over night on the shaker. Next day filtrate can be used for screening. Secondly, Soxhlet method can be used for extract preparation for Phytochemical screening.

Use aqueous-based solvent extraction according to the solubility of target/desired compound.

Mostly organic solvent (ethanol)extracts are more active against microorganisms than aqueous extracts.

- The effective phytochemicals in a specific plant extract depends on plant species.

- The antimicrobial activity of botanicals varies depending on microbial virulence.

Best way to identify and quantify photochemicals is HPLC and GCMS

Many aqueous extracts had some effect against microorganisms. But the primary aim of using water extracts is to reduce the economic cost of extraction. However, most of the research uses methyl alcohol to get the raw extract and then fragmented using a series of different solvents in the polar (chloroform, diethyl ether and water)

I would recommend aqueous extract over all other extracts as it do not alter the purity of your extract and do not hinder with microbial activities