Abductive reasoning (or inference to the best explanation) seems to be what's needed for evolutionary biology, but I don't know if that qualifies as "an epistemology". How are you individuating "epistemologies"?
I match biology with critical rationalism. Thus, my biological theories are falsifiable while obeying the law of identity, parsimony and precautionary principle.
“Which epistemology do you associate with biology? Why?”
- epistemology absolutely directly is associated with biology, since all points/steps in the utmost fundamental result in epistemology – “Scientific method” , see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method
“…An iterative,[43] pragmatic[12] scheme of the four points above is sometimes offered as a guideline for proceeding:[47]
Define a question
Gather information and resources (observe)
Form an explanatory hypothesis
Test the hypothesis by performing an experiment and collecting data in a reproducible manner
Analyze the data
Interpret the data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for a new hypothesis
Publish results
Retest (frequently done by other scientists)
The iterative cycle inherent in this step-by-step method goes from point 3 to 6 and back to 3 again. ……”
- all/every living being, even bacteria, well know, and so use and perform in their lives at their behavior.