Which energy is the energy needed to start a reaction and substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy?
Hello, as far as I know, the substance you described in the question is called a catalyst. You can find more information on various internet sources or in books.
For example, here:
https://chemistrytalk.org/catalysts-activation-energy/
The energy needed to start a reaction is called the activation energy. The substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy is called a catalyst.
- Activation energy is the minimum energy required for the reactants to react and form products. It is the energy barrier that must be overcome for a chemical reaction to occur.
- Catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being chemically changed in the reaction. Catalysts work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed pathway.
In other words, a catalyst lowers the energy barrier that the reactants must overcome in order to react. This makes the reaction happen faster.
Some common catalysts include enzymes, metals, and acids. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up many important reactions in the body, such as digestion and metabolism. Metals, such as platinum and palladium, are used as catalysts in many industrial reactions, such as the production of gasoline and plastics. Acids, such as sulfuric acid, are used as catalysts in many laboratory reactions.
A catalyst is a chemical substance that lowers the activation energy by creating a new route that the reaction can proceed through. This means that a catalyzed reaction can proceed at a lower temperature or pressure. The process of speeding up a reaction by reducing its activation energy is known as catalysis, and the factor that's added to lower the activation energy is a catalyst. Enzymes in our bodies are catalysts that speed up reactions by helping to lower the activation energy needed to start a reaction. Enzymes act by reducing the activation energy, thereby increasing the rate of reaction. The increased rate is the same in both the forward and reverse directions, since both must pass through the same transition state. Substance which themselves are not catalyst but its presence can increase the catalytic activity of catalyst. A promoters increase the number of active sites on the surface. Enzymes perform the critical task of lowering a reaction's activation energy that is, the amount of energy that must be put in for the reaction to begin. Enzymes work by binding to reactant molecules and holding them in such a way that the chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming processes take place more readily. A catalyst which actually increases the rate of reaction is essentially a positive catalyst. But on the contrary, a negative catalyst is a catalyst which decreases or retards the rate of reaction. Negative catalyst actually increases the activation energy.
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