while we are doping some compound to n-type material then the properties such as conductivity, transmission etc will be changed. but when we are doping in the different concentration the resultant material shows some irregular changes. when it is annealed each ratio of doping there is shifting of peaks takes place in XRD pattern. what is the perfect reason?
It very much depends on the system that you're studying. You may want to look into what's called, Vegard's Law (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegard%27s_law). In many materials, we find that if we dope with atoms of different sizes, the lattice parameters will shift. If it is a larger ion, we expect the lattice to grow and thus the peaks in your diffraction pattern (in 2 theta) will shift to smaller angles.
However, beyond that, in XRD, the strength of the scattering from a given element will depend on its atomic number. So, if the atom you are doping is rather different than that of the original composition, you will also see a relative change in peak intensity.
It simply causes stress and strains the crystal structure that tends to show us a shift to left or right from the actual position.
It may shift due to different compound phases formation. But you can allow at most 1 deg shift to get the desired compounds. If the compounds formed attribute more crystalline phase rather than amorphous phase, the position of the peaks will be shifted from left to right. In addition to this, sometimes background noises may cause shifting of the peak position.
Dear Dr.G Kiruthiga Phy
The possibility that the material began to crystallize and the beginning of the emergence of a crystalline phase
Please refer below links of the given entitled article to get some relevant feedback. Kindly note that the article is not peer reviewed yet.
Qualitative Analyses of Thin Film-Based Materials Validating New Structures of Atoms. (2021), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352830671or http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27720.65287
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