Aside from Escherichia coli, mentioned above as being the most common specie/s that can cause Urinary Tract Infection, other specie/s known as the causative agent for UTI are: Usual flora such as: Staphylococci in Newborn (1-3 days old), Streptococci (a-hemolytic and non-hemolytic) in Prepubertal, and Listeria spp. and Clostridium spp. in adults. Some recognized microbial agents of Urinary Tract Infections based on how common these species (family or genus) occur: Common agents are as follows, Enterococci, Streptococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., etc. Less Common Agents are: Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus spp., etc. The Agents often associated with Multisystem diseases are: Salmonella spp., Schistosoma haematobium, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichosporon beigelii, etc.

The severity of the UTI may depend on the species of bacteria infecting the patient, but there are also several factors that contributes to the severity of the said infection. One example of these factors is the Age, for example, the Geriatric population will be more challenged in terms of diagnosis and management of the infection since older adults frequently have an unusual clinical manifestations. Commonly, geriatric patients also have comorbidities, or they are already associated with other unrelated diseases with the high risk of drug interactions. Pregnancy may also be a factor since pregnant women are more susceptible to bacterial adherence due to hormonal changes that also leads to the changes in the ureter and urethra. Etc.

The severity of an infectión is the combination of several factors, one the microorganism itself, then the clinical state of the patient, third the state of resistance of the microrganisms in the society (now multiple resistance are being seen) y fourth the time betwen the inial discomfort of the patient and the time of inicial of treatment and the form of traetment. the treatment is empiric o is based in urine culture and sometimes in certain countries the people can get medicines without recipes y try for themselves and only goes to a doctor after the symptoms persist.

Hello! There are numerous species of bacteria that can cause UTI including: Klebsiella pneumoniae which is a pathogen most often identified in a compromised host including UTI infected patients, Proteus mirabilis identified as an opportunistic pathogen that causes wound and urinary tract infections, Enterococcus faecalis which is a Gram-Postive bacteria found in urine cultures of UTI patients along with Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus which is associated with UTIs in young women.

The severity of the UTI depends on the pathogen present in the urinary tract as well as the clinical state of the patients. Risk factors such as sex (women have shorter urethra than men leading the bacteria to reach the urinary tract faster than men), age (geriatric patients are more susceptible to UTI because of pre-existing conditions as well as increased risk to infections due to decreased immunity), existing clinical state of the patient (immunosuppressed), and other less common causes such as indwelling catheters (Catheter Associated - Urinary Tract Infection). It is also important to note that taking antibiotics are associated with increasing the resistance of bacteria such as Escherichia coli making it harder to treat UTI.

References: