Biochar can positively impact chlorophyll content in plants by enhancing soil fertility and nutrient availability. It acts as a substrate for microbial activity, promoting nutrient cycling and uptake by plants. Additionally, biochar can improve soil water retention, reducing drought stress and enhancing photosynthesis, which ultimately leads to higher chlorophyll content in plants.

Dr Sunil Meghwanshi thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. Biochar can significantly increase the chlorophyll content of maize, while was adverse effects when the application rate exceeded 12 t ha-1. However, there is still a lack of research on the effects of biochar on plant physiological and biochemical characteristics.Biochar have been reported to improve the key soil biological properties, mainly owing to their alkaline pH and structure, improving the soil porosity, aggregation, and water-holding capacity that promotes soil nutrient bioavailability and microbial growth. Overall, we found that biochar amendment significantly increased photosynthetic rate by 27.1%, and improved stomata conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll concentration by 19.6%, 26.9%, 26.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. Biochar enhanced the physical properties of soil by improving its water holding capacity, moisture levels, and oxygen content. Biochar chemical properties, such as contaminant fixation and carbon sequestration, are also improved. Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation. Organic fertilizers increase microbial activity in the soil, causing increased nutrient mineralization rates for the benefit of crops. They stimulate the activities of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi that form networks of root extension for extensive nutrient availability to crops. When used excessively and without considering the specific needs of the soil and crops, these fertilizers can disrupt the natural nutrient balance in the soil. Over time, the continuous application of imbalanced nutrients can deplete certain essential elements, leading to nutrient deficiencies or toxic. Biofertilizers enrich the soil with nutrients by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen; they solubilize the phosphorous thus, making it available to the plants. They stimulate the growth and development of plants by enhancing the secretion of growth-promoting substances. Fertilizers and manures contain plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc. So, when fertilizers and manures are added to the soil in the fields, then the soil gets enriched with nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc.

Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. Biochar can significantly increase the chlorophyll content of maize, while was adverse effects when the application rate exceeded 12 t ha-1. However, there is still a lack of research on the effects of biochar on plant physiological and biochemical characteristics.Biochar have been reported to improve the key soil biological properties, mainly owing to their alkaline pH and structure, improving the soil porosity, aggregation, and water-holding capacity that promotes soil nutrient bioavailability and microbial growth. Overall, we found that biochar amendment significantly increased photosynthetic rate by 27.1%, and improved stomata conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll concentration by 19.6%, 26.9%, 26.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. Biochar enhanced the physical properties of soil by improving its water holding capacity, moisture levels, and oxygen content. Biochar chemical properties, such as contaminant fixation and carbon sequestration, are also improved. Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation. Organic fertilizers increase microbial activity in the soil, causing increased nutrient mineralization rates for the benefit of crops. They stimulate the activities of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi that form networks of root extension for extensive nutrient availability to crops. When used excessively and without considering the specific needs of the soil and crops, these fertilizers can disrupt the natural nutrient balance in the soil. Over time, the continuous application of imbalanced nutrients can deplete certain essential elements, leading to nutrient deficiencies or toxic. Biofertilizers enrich the soil with nutrients by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen; they solubilize the phosphorous thus, making it available to the plants. They stimulate the growth and development of plants by enhancing the secretion of growth-promoting substances. Fertilizers and manures contain plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc. So, when fertilizers and manures are added to the soil in the fields, then the soil gets enriched with nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc.

Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. Biochar can significantly increase the chlorophyll content of maize, while was adverse effects when the application rate exceeded 12 t ha-1. However, there is still a lack of research on the effects of biochar on plant physiological and biochemical characteristics.Biochar have been reported to improve the key soil biological properties, mainly owing to their alkaline pH and structure, improving the soil porosity, aggregation, and water-holding capacity that promotes soil nutrient bioavailability and microbial growth. Overall, we found that biochar amendment significantly increased photosynthetic rate by 27.1%, and improved stomata conductance, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll concentration by 19.6%, 26.9%, 26.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. Biochar enhanced the physical properties of soil by improving its water holding capacity, moisture levels, and oxygen content. Biochar chemical properties, such as contaminant fixation and carbon sequestration, are also improved. Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation. Organic fertilizers increase microbial activity in the soil, causing increased nutrient mineralization rates for the benefit of crops. They stimulate the activities of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi that form networks of root extension for extensive nutrient availability to crops. When used excessively and without considering the specific needs of the soil and crops, these fertilizers can disrupt the natural nutrient balance in the soil. Over time, the continuous application of imbalanced nutrients can deplete certain essential elements, leading to nutrient deficiencies or toxic. Biofertilizers enrich the soil with nutrients by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen; they solubilize the phosphorous thus, making it available to the plants. They stimulate the growth and development of plants by enhancing the secretion of growth-promoting substances. Fertilizers and manures contain plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc. So, when fertilizers and manures are added to the soil in the fields, then the soil gets enriched with nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, etc.