Indigenous agency in colonialism refers to the various ways in which indigenous peoples actively participated in, resisted, or adapted to colonial forces. They were not merely passive victims but played complex roles that included forming alliances with colonizers, engaging in trade, leveraging colonial tools for their own benefit, and participating in conflicts. Indigenous agency significantly shaped the outcomes and legacies of colonial encounters. In India, one notable example of indigenous agency during colonialism is the role of various princely states under British rule. Leaders of these states, such as the Maharajas and Nawabs, exercised agency by negotiating treaties and agreements with the British, which allowed them to retain a degree of autonomy and control over internal affairs in exchange for allegiance and military support to the British Empire. This strategic collaboration influenced the political landscape of colonial India and played a critical role in the administration of the region.

Indigenous agencies are institutions developed by the people. These institutions in most cases played supportive role to the alien ones. The supportive roles were not because the wanted to but because they were constrained as any form of resistance was net with punishment.

En la época colonial que vinieron los españoles a dominar y colonizar a los indígenas.

El papel de los indígenas fue de esclavos, porque su cultura era diferente a la de los colonos

Excellent question, but almost impossible to answer in any general fashion. Whether indigenes helped, ignored, or opposed varies considerably across countries, time periods, and Colonial Powers.