Robotics is a relatively new area, if we observe that it began to be diffused in the 20th century, especially with the industrial robotics studied by George Devol. And yet, with the passing of the year was dividing into branches of studies such as education, health, industry itself, among others.
Thus, there are still several challenges to be studied. Currently, the identification of physical characteristics of the environment (identify objects), HMI (Human Machine Interaction), SLAM (Simultaneous Mapping and Mapping), locomotion of bipedal robots, energy management in robotic systems, among others, can be highlighted.
I recommend reading jobs at http://journals.sagepub.com/home/ijr and IEEE conferences.
As you are well aware of the fact that Robotics is inherently highly inter-disciplinary subject domain where you will find (to name a few) Mechanical engineers, Elect. engineers, Algo designers (CS guys) and so on. So, to answer your question more precisely, I need to know your background.
Few research avenues (randomly listed) for a CS guy,
- SLAM (Simultaneous Localization & Mapping)
- Navigation, path planning & collision avoidance algos. for Wheeled Mobile Robots (WMRs)
- Artificial Neural Network (ANN)/Artificial Intelligence (AI) based control strategies for robotic manipulators
- Modelling & Simulation side of humanoid robots (e.g. their Balancing, Walking and most challenging running over an uneven terrain)
To have a flavor for novel and up-to-date research, I suggest to see the papers published in following conferences/Journals (particularly during the last 2-3 years)
- IEEE ICRA
- IEEE IROS
- IEEE Robotics Letters
- IEEE Transactions on Robotics, Mechatronics, Automatic Control, Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, ...
Where there is a will, there is a way :) I hope it helps. Good luck and Prayers.
From my experience almost 11 year working with spot welding robots in automotive industry, the application is simpler rather than when I was at University. Current industrial robots are easy to program online (at line side) or offline (robot's simulator). The improvement trend for industrial robots are lower power consumption, compact / sleek design with high payload, less maintenance & higher life span (high TBF)..Just to share my view