For XRD powder diffraction you need about 1 g of sample with particle sizes no smaller than 50 microns. You can use less, but just ensure the sample is of a good representation of the bulk material.
For SEM, I believe the maximum horizontal would be around 10 cm with a vertical of 40 mm, but I believe this is very dependent on your equipment model.
For TGA, 10 mg-1 g is a good estimate. I believe it's better to be on the higher end of that range though for better results (0.5-0.75 g).
For DSC, 0.5-100 mg is sufficient.
I've never done VSM before though.. Sorry to not be of help for that question.
Different devices need different amounts of the sample.
But 1 g for XRD is too much, even if you use the old techniques. 50 -100 mg is enough.
As for vibrating magnetometer, I think that 200 mg will be quite enough; for example, we have obtained good results using exactly 200 mg of samples of Ni nanopowders.
Taking into account answer above, we can conclude that 1 g of sample will be enough for all needed tests.
You're absolutely welcome Maryam Mehrban ! I love that we have a community on researchgate to help one another with our passions and projects! Pay it forward everyone..