Round billet are prone to central porosity and segregation particularly high carbon grade with 0.56-0.60 % C, Al killed 0.015-0.030%, S 0.005.
nearly 4to5% chill zone 80to90% columnar zone 4to5% equiaxed zone, it depends on steel superheat for the same steel grade and secondary cooling intensity
Literature suggests that area fraction of Equiaxed zone should be minimum of 45%, Chill zone of 4-8%.
Equiaxed zone of less than 10% is too low to consider it a good cast structure.
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