Thank you for your time and contribution Prof. P. Contreras

I get your point from Microsoft's point of view, but I suspect there is more to digital transformation than product.

Understood Prof. P. Contreras

Hi! in my institution the entire documentation and delivery related to classes, lecture materials, examination, assessments have been transformed to online platforms. even the administrative functions, meetings, training are also conducted online.

Thank you Shamima Raihan Manzoor for your time and contribution.

Thank you Ingo Kregel for your time, contribution and for bringing the public sector focus into play. This will help rebalance the discussion and focus. I will certainly read the attachment.

It is digitalization. Transform from manual operation to digital.

Thank you H.M. Belal . It sounds pretty straightforward. Is it?

Every era sees changes. What qualifies the challenges of digital transformation in modern times is not so much the epoch-reaching ‘impact’ of these as much as the ‘speed’ of change – think ‘electricity’ and ‘wheel’. It is the fastest pace of change that attributes the current transformations to merit a mention of being monumental.

Bringing about digital transformation refers not to digitising existing operations as much as killing existing ones to build almost afresh from an end objective. Example – most of the food-tech companies in e-commerce space are only digitising restaurant ordering while not really transforming the whole journey. The exercise, therefore, turns out to be an alternative ‘digital’ method to provide restaurants with increased sales.

What is required however is reinventing from scratch. Digitisation does not mean to improve. Digitisation requires thinking holistic and adopting multiple levers in a sequence to achieve a multiplier effect.

Transformational digitisation examples of various scales are there for us to spot at the workplace. That we successfully graduated from using manual methods to using computers. The all-pervasive advent of e-mail as a transformative replacement for the traditional post. The usage of computers and internet versus the traditional methods of working.

Using electronic bill registers at the retail instead of manual registers is digitizing. The ability to map the entire customer journey and use analytics to drive insights, intelligent process automation through AI to enable using labor arbitrage to improve cost efficiency and using efficient process redesign – is transformational.

Thank you for a comprehensive response Piyush Sharma . Much appreciated.

The key is to go holistic Kheepe Lawrence Moremi

Digital transformation requires using digital as a means and operating levers in an integrated and well-sequenced manner to bring about the transformation to give breakthrough results.

For transformation to be complete and for it to succeed, what is required is an integrated rather than ‘siloed’ or piece-meal approach.

The whole is more than the sum of its parts.

Additionally, there is a need to reimagine rather than improving existing processes. It is important to also not create new silos while thinking holistically.

The digital transformation combines with products and services based on intangible aspects, such as financial and information services - such as magazines and newspapers.

Thank you for enriching the discussion Piyush Sharma and Roberto - Minadeo

In developing data entry amid digital transformation, operators need to open up an "observable" or "co-operative" pipeline at the same time, so that the authorities can understand what the operators are doing. What are the operational risks? In order to keep both checkpoints and supervisors in a clear state at all times, the development of financial technology is only possible. Otherwise, the traditional state of supervision of the competent authorities is likely to become an obstacle for operators in the development of concurrent regulation technology.

Thank you Chung-Cheng Fu . Net, your submission relates to the some of the changes that need to be effected alongside digital transformation to mitigate potential risks. Is this correct?

I would argue that it;s much more than making a manual process digital.

It's about completely rethinking the process, moving it to a digital platform and disrupting the supply chain, likely with disintermediation and elimination of non-value-added steps as a key aspect.

For example, digital transformation #1 in the music industry was moving from physical media (records and tapes) to digital files (.mp3) such as on iTunes. Transformation # 2 was to eliminate even that, and move to music-on-demand streaming services, such as Spotify.

One other example in the public sector - here in Canada, the vast majority of taxpayers now "Netfile", i.e. file their annual income tax returns on-line, and no longer have to send in any paper records. Data integrity checks are done at source and math errors are eliminated. We receive our assessments and refunds within days instead of weeks, and save our tax agency millions of dollars in processing time and eliminated the need to file paper copies for years. A huge success for everyone.

Thank you Murray Kronick for a detailed response. If I were to deduce from your response, there is a demand or customer side of digital transformation and an operations side or supply side of digital transformation?

There were lots of entry tools for digital transformation, such as individual systems of barcode, QR code, AOI, RFID, sensors, PDA, APP, etc. These entry systems are mature for application among machines, operators, and packaged software.

Thank you once again for your insightful contribution Chung-Cheng Fu

Digital transformation needs to get rid of traditional means and dependence on technology

Thank you for your time and contribution Yousif Yaqoob Yousif .

Is it possible though to get rid of "traditional means" altogether?

Thank you for all your contributions Yousif Yaqoob Yousif Chung-Cheng Fu Murray Kronick Roberto - Minadeo Piyush Sharma P. Contreras

This is a very topic area and it will permeate different facets of life in future.

There are two flows in business operation, one is finance-outcome dimension with the official definition, the other one is process-outcome dimension with different and weak entry tools. The later become trouble maker on data transformation.

Thank you Chung-Cheng Fu

In response to your reply, Kheepe Lawrence Moremi: "If I were to deduce from your response, there is a demand or customer side of digital transformation and an operations side or supply side of digital transformation?"

The impetus for the digital transformation can come from many sides - internally such as an inefficient operation or a recognition of an an opportunity to change, or externally being customer or demand-driven, or by the competition necessitating a response, or by suppliers changing the way they do business with you.

Ideally an organization will undertake their digital transformation proactively, and not wait and do it reactively (often in a panic or too late in the game).

Ideally yes, but as we all know, from the days of Schumpeter onwards, it has always been a mystery that companies know, have the means and the capacity to transform or innovate, but generally do not do it until pushed to do it, or as you have aptly put it, Murray Kronick "until it is too late in the game.

Clayton Christensen, in his study of the disk drive industry, made the same observation. His conclusion, using the RDT (Resource Dependency Theory), was that they (firms and managers) are "held captive" by profitable "mainstream" customers, capital providers etc.,

Dear: A really important question that deserves to be pursued. Thank you very much

Usually the data transformation depends on information chain, is correct and rapid, the information process to prevent the transmission of information as aka GIGO at first, to approach the goal of QIQO must avoid collision and congestion.

Thank you for your time and contribution Haider Raid Talib and Chung-Cheng Fu

Glad to share our last publication:

Article Fostering Product Innovation Through Digital Transformation ...

Regards

Thank you for sharing Jose Arias-Pérez . I will engage with the substance of the attachment.

What digital transformation really means

https://www.infoworld.com/article/3080644/what-digital-transformation-really-means.html

Usually, most of data transformation is under indirect delivery. The key point is packaged software to influence and guide operation procedures, in order to meet the fixed format of the data entry side, all raw data must pre-combined by manual process. In other words, the data could be changed or revised by the original process, and the host will have fake and wrong information without direct data transformation forever.

Thank you for your contribution Chung-Cheng Fu

Thank you for your contribution Anton Vrdoljak - Is fungibility, the key word?

Jose Arias-Pérez - I could only see the first page of the publication in question.

I´m going to send the final version to you.

Thank you Jose Arias-Pérez

In case the digital transformation is fine from the bottom of the unstructured data level to the top of the structured data level, shall upgrade the digital performance on allocation and application becoming multiple states of the art output.

The paperless process will approach infinite data acquisition, relies on upon well down of data flow successfully, and providing real-time raw data, information, result, and decision making under reliability and security.

Thank you for your time and contribution Chung-Cheng Fu . Much appreciated.

Just imagine the financial sector. Bank branches have lost their raison d'être. Banks with thousands of employees have costs and are worth less than fintechs that never had branches, as the customer uses internet banking. The intermediation of stock brokerage is much better in fintechs than in old structures.

Great examples Roberto - Minadeo . Digital transformation is indeed ushering in "asset light" business models and customer delivery models. In addition, it is helping to:-

To transmit analog or digital data, it must be transmitted through a specific communication medium, such as copper wire, wireless network, waveguide, or optical fiber. Transmission is the communication of information through propagation and the processing of data in the form of electromagnetic waves or voltages. Our data transfer and communication learning system provide basic training on these technologies, providing a solid foundation for continuing to learn.

Digitalization is the process of transforming analogue information to bits and bytes for faster transmission, efficient storage and processing.

Thank you Chung Tin Fah for your insights,

In simple words, digital transformation is the integration of digital technology into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how you operate and deliver value to customers. It's also a cultural change that requires organizations to continually challenge the status quo, experiment, and get comfortable with failure.

Thank you for the detailed response Muhammad Salman Shabbir . From you answer, I pick up the following:-

Would business model transformation fit in here?

For business organizations, I like the following definition of Morakanyane et al. (2017):

"Digital transformation is an evolutionary process that leverages digital capabilities and technologies to enable business models, operational processes and customer experiences to create value."

However, I would change "evolutionary process" to "evolution", because a process has an end or a desired end state and for me the digital transformation has no end.

Thank you for the response Erich Heumüller . Sounds good, but I am curious about "evolution" or "process."

Glad to share our article about this topic in JKM:

Article Strategic orientation toward digitalization to improve innov...

Regards,

Only jpeg of the first page shared Jose Arias-Pérez

I´ve just sent a copy to you.

Regards.

Thank you for sharing Prof. Jose Arias-Pérez . This is good work. I like your distinction of the subject into "digitalisation" and "digital transformation."

I had a first glance at the study, but I will re-read and internalise.

The one thing that jumped at me though, is "Yao et al's" definition of "innovation capability," and by extension, "innovation." It is incomplete. If you still have time, take a peak at Allan Affuah's book on Managing Innovation," or Tidd, Pavitt and Bessant's work. For future references and work, please take a look at Michael Tushman's work, either with O'Reilly, Romanelli or Rosenkopf.

Kheepe Lawrence Moremi: We understand Digital Transformation as an organizational transformation in the era of digitalization. Therefore I also support Muhammad Salman Shabbir in this context. For us Digital Transformation is on-going and a kind of evolution. The "fittest" organization, which fits best to the circumstances and expectations of its environment will survive. Inspired by this biological perspective of evolution, we are working on a Digital Fitness concept to operationalize several determinants of fitness in Digital Transformation context.Conference Paper Digital Fitness - Goal for the Chief Digital Officer

Thank you Erich Heumüller . I appreciate the influence of "ecological perspectives" on organisation transformation. I am going through Michael Tushman's work and it is fairly interesting.

Digital Transformation (DT) has become an imperative for most organizations in our world of emergent and continuous changes. The term DT has been so broadly used (and misused) that it becomes very confusing. Based on a vastly rigorous/scientific review and analysis of 134 well-received, published definitions of DT in the literature, we developed a unified definition of "digital transformation" as follows:

“A fundamental change process, enabled by the innovative use of digital technologies accompanied by the strategic leverage of key resources and capabilities, aiming to radically improve an entity* and redefine its value proposition for its stakeholders.” (*An entity could be: an organization, a business network, an industry, or society.)

For more detail, see our paper: Article Developing a unified definition of digital transformation

Very interesting Cheng Gong

Is it digital transformation or strategic and operational transformation in the digital era?

Dear Kheepe Lawrence Moremi,

I would say digital transformation is more towards a strategic change and an emergence of redefining value proposition by capability-driven outcomes (e.g., business model innovation, new revenue streams, radical changes in offerings, and game-changing restructure). The concept of “transformation” itself has indicated the nature and scope of the fundamental change. The change process of using digital technologies may differ according to the patterns by which the nature of change relates to the outcome produced. In essence, the improvement can either be radical (DT) or incremental (digitalization). Digitalization reinforces an existing value proposition by economic-driven outcomes (e.g., efficiency, cost reduction, errors elimination, and productivity). And I refer to digitization as the technical process of converting analog into digital format. Thank you!

Best regards,

Cheng

Sounds interesting Cheng Gong

Thank you Cheng Gong Erich Heumüller Jose Arias-Pérez Muhammad Salman Shabbir Chung Tin Fah for your insights and participation. One topic that is equally interesting within the "digital transformation" space, is the concept of "digital maturity."

There are lots of versions of digital maturity. Which version do you find most useful. I would use the "assumed number of users" as an indicator of usefulness.

Thank you in advance.

Thank you for raising this question. Surely there is increasing attention on research about digital maturity since 2015, driven by Industry 4.0. Teichert's (2019) research query also supports this view with 1,925 hits of "digital maturity" and 38 hits of "DT maturity." However, Soomro et al. (2020) also point out that many studies consider the concept of "maturity" and "readiness" to be the same. The conclusion of a discussion I had with several professors is that both maturity and readiness models are not dynamic enough to capture the nature of this transformation journey. Moreover, we doubt whether we should really use "digital maturity" and "digital transformation maturity" interchangeably. We think research in this domain is insufficient as most models provide an incomplete picture of digital maturity. Therefore, I'm not sure how to answer your question.