Thank you for your response. Would you recommend pairing a porous plate or suction rake (multiple cylindrical cups) with a automated vacuum system for the purpose of matching soil water potential to a reference tensiometer? Also, any experience with porous material specs or reference publications?
The EU Project named FLOW-AID was aimed to control leaching (in this case we are talking about deficit irrigation). We utilized GP1 controlled WET and SM100 and 200 sensord of Delta-T.
If you google "FLOW-AID Project", you can reach useful info. If you have any questions about some soil moisture sensors of Delta-T (UK), i will be happy to answer as installer and operator of many of them in that project (as far as i know)..
I published a paper "Comparison of lysimeters and porous ceramic cups for measuring nitrate leaching in different soil types. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 55(4): 333-345. ". it tell the process of installation of lysimeter and porous ceramic cup.
the lysimeter research centre in Zuerich/Switzerland has 72 large lysimeters (each 1m²) for analyzing the nitrate leaching.
"At the Zurich-Reckenholz location a new lysimeter station was built at the campus of the Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station ART.
Altogether 72 lysimeters were monolithically excavated, each with 1 m2 surface area and a depth of 1,5 m. Therefore it is the biggest lysimeter station in Europe. All lysimeters can be operated from a walkable basement. 12 lysimeters are weighable and were instrumented with tensiometers, temperature sensors, suction cups and TDR-Probes in four depths (10, 30, 60 and 90 cm), each with two replicates. The other 60 lysimeter are non-weigh-able and the seepage water is measured by a tipping counter.All lysimeters are used for agronomic experiments. The main focus is on water flows and nitrate leaching under different cropping systems, soil tillage, fertilization and soil types. All experiments have three replicates. The construction of the lysimeter station was finished by the end of 2008. The first experiments started in spring 2009.
To enable easy acces to the complete lysimeter and all sensors for maintenance or to implement adapted measuring strategies the lysimeters can be lowered by a hydraulic system from their working position (leveled with surface) to a maintenance position."
A new reference is: · Matusek I., S. Reth, C. Heerdt, K. Hrckova, J. Gubis, 2016. Lysimeter – a Unique Tool for Monitoring the Interactions among the Components of Environment. Proceedings of National Aviation University. N 2(67): 69–75. DOI 10.18372/2306-1472.67.10434
people also use a SIA - self-integrating accumulator (http://www.terraquat-gmbh.com/deutsch/messtechnik/si_anwendungsbereich.php?s=2&a=21), basically a buried resin that captures nitrate on its way down. Needs to be excavated after time to analyse the resin load.
See https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/abstracts/43/6/1886