The attached paper describes and organic acid used for removing composite field scales. Any idea of what this product is?
Organic acids are available for removing various scales (CO3) sulphonated long chain hydrocarbon .
They write: "The proposed scale dissolver in this study was prepared with a chemical composition of acrylic acid (15−30 wt %), lactic acid (5−15 wt %), nonionic surfactant (1−3 wt %), ethylene oxide (
Dear Jim Williams many thanks for you interesting technical question. The composition of the "Unique Organic Acid Solution" published in the cited paper has already been mentioned by Sebastian Jung. It is not really clear to me what's so unique about this mixture and also why this paper has been accepted for publication. Perhaps the mixture is indeed useful for dissolving oilfield scales, but from an environmental standpoint it is not acceptable. The "wonder acid" described in this paper contains a highly critical chemical, namely ethylene oxide (see Wikipedia entry cited below). Ethylene oxide is mutagenic and a proven carcinogen!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene_oxide#Effects_on_humans_and_animals
For household scales (calcium carbonate / limestone deposits) there are various proven and non-toxic acids available which will do the job very well, especially acetic acid and citric acid. In this context please have a look at the following useful article which shows that these acids can also be employed on an industrial scale:
STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF SULFAMIC ACID AND CITRIC ACID IN REMOVAL THE SCALE DEPOSITED ON THE DURA REFINERY HEAT EXCHANGE PIPING SYSTEM
Article STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF SULFAMIC ACID AND CITRIC ACID IN RE...
This paper is freely available as public full text.
Thank you for the answer to my question and the responses. Based on our field experience, we see improved well production with nanoActiv® nanoparticles and increased performance of other treating chemicals such as THPC and THPS.
There are several videos at www.recovermoreoil.com that show how the nanoActiv® nanoparticles work. One of the videos shows the fragmentation of iron sulfide into small particles when nanoActiv® HRT is added to the sludge.
https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/files/dickson_thecarbondioxidesysteminseawater_equilibriumchemistryandmeasurementspp17-40.pdf
Organic acids like citric acid, maleic acid, formic acid, and acetic acid. Organic acids are mainly utilized for removing scales
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