A research proposal should essentially contain number of sections, names of which may vary but intent remains the same. The research proposal should contain an introduction, problem statement, purpose, research question / hypothesis, definition of terms, theoretical framework, literature review, methodology (research design, sampling, instrumentation), data collection, data analysis procedures, significance of the study, and references.
I would urge you to read "Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches" by John W Creswell (3rd / 4th edition).
Also please have a look at one of these: APA 6 or Chicago Manual of Style, or MLA. Hope this helps you to plan your proposal format.
Before making a submission please check with your guide for the institute / University proposal guidelines / checklist. This is to ensure that there are no procedural hiccups.
There is no single format for research proposals. This is because every research project is different. Different disciplines, donor organisations and academic institutions all have different formats and requirements. There are, however, several key components which must be included in every research proposal. The specific research problem will dictate what other sections are required.
Key components are:
• A description of the research problem.
• An argument as to why that problem is important.
• A review of literature relevant to the research problem.
• A description of the proposed research methodology.
• A description of how the research findings will be used and/or disseminated.
Research proposal should include: Background of the study, Research Objectives, Research Questions/ Hypotheses, Problem Statement, Conceptual framework Methodology, Scope of the study and significance of the study.