what is the suitable radiation sources used in the following industrial applications :-
1- Oil and gas industry
2- cement industry
3- paper industry
4- ceramic industry
5- Fertilizer industry
Dear R atef
it depends on the applications; RTD measurement, flow rate, leakage
also it depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the components and the half life time, availability and cost.
if you have a case study we can discuss together about the optimum isotopes that can be used
Industrial applications of radiation sources can be classified into three categories:
• Radiation processing
• Non-destructive testing
• Radiotracer applications
The list of radioisotopes used in industrial applications is quite long and is available in published papers:
http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/non-power-nuclear-applications/radioisotopes-research/radioisotopes-in-industry.aspx https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228364423_The_application_of_radiation_sources_in_the_oil_and_gas_industry_and_shortages_in_their_services https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/te_1262_prn.pdf https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/TRS423_web.pdf https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=jbs.2001.82.86
Dear R atef
it depends on the applications; RTD measurement, flow rate, leakage
also it depends on the physical and chemical characteristics of the components and the half life time, availability and cost.
if you have a case study we can discuss together about the optimum isotopes that can be used
It depends on applications:
i. In the case of Non-destructive control, the best sources are X-ray generators with a maximum acceleration potential (anodic potential) of 300 kV.
ii. In the case of Elemental analysis, you can use either X-ray fluorescence analysis which needs also X-ray generators of significant low anodic potential, or in the case of Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis you would need powerful neutron sources such as Nuclear reactors, neutron spallation sources, or either lower power neutron sources such as neutron generators or isotopic neutron neutron sources such as Cf-252, or Pu-Be, or even Sb-124 - Be,this one producing produces mainly 23 keV monoenergetic neutrons.
iii. In the case of radiotracer studies, there are a lot of short live radionuclides.
iv. Synchrotron radiation sources are excellent ones for a multitude of analytical applications
In all cases there are a lot of excellent textbooks on this subject,
In this regard I would recommend the book:
Essam Huseuin (2004) Handbook on Radiation Probing, Gauging, Imaging and Analysis: Volume I: Basics and Techniques, ISBN: 978-1-4020-1294-5,978-0-306-48402-5 and Volume II: Applications and Design ISBN: 9781402012952, 9780306484032, Springer
Dr. Hany
I would like to ask about cement industry and paper industry as a case study
Generally ; Au-198 can be used for cement industry (I used it before), for paper I-131 can be used.
Barium-133 (133 Ba), 241 Am and 137 Cs sources are used in oil and gas industry
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