This question ,we debated long back , may be 4-5 years back , can browse on any search engine. Not much information available , except one literature on influence of Bt cotton on rhizosphere ecology...

Dear Dr Debabrata Nath . It can be improved soil health and water retention, reduced runoff, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions..

See the following useful RG link: Article Genetically modified foods: Safety, risks and public concern...

Kindly see also the following useful RG link: Article The impact of Genetically Modified (GM) crops in modern agri...

Also check please the following very good RG link: Article The impact of Genetically Modified (GM) crops in modern agri...

The following RG link is also very useful: Article Transgenic Food, Benefits, Safety, And More

Check also the following very good link: https://www.uoguelph.ca/crc/dunfield/system/files/2004-Impact%20of%20Genetically%20Modified%20Crops%20on%20Soil%20nad%20Plant_0.pdf

Herbicide tolerant GM crops enable farmers to till less often, leading to improved soil health and water retention, reduced runoff, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

https://gmoanswers.com › how-do-f...

How Do Farmers Keep Their GMO Soil Healthy?

Farming GMO crops reduces soil erosion.

One cup of soil could be home to more than 7 billion bacteria that recycle organic material to improve soil fertility and support strong plant growth. ... This prevents erosion into our waterways, keeping rivers and streams healthy.

http://letsgrowtogether.ws › five-wa...

Five Ways GMOs Help Farmers Protect the Environment

GMO agriculture has led to superweeds and superpests that are extraordinarily difficult for farmers to manage. Farmers affected by resistant pests must revert to older and more toxic chemicals, more labor or more intensive tillage, which overshadow the promised benefits of GMO technology.Mar 17, 2016

https://www.farmaid.org › issues › g...

GMOs — Top five concerns for family farmers - Farm Aid

At the farm level, GMO crops have the potential to improve the sustainability of agriculture by reducing herbicide, pesticide, and fertilizer use, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, by enabling sustainable practices such as no-till production systems, and by increasing yields, thus leading to less need for ...

https://www.mdpi.com › htm

Agricultural GMOs—What We Know and Where Scientists Disagree

Toxicity. Genetically engineered foods are inherently unstable. ...

Allergic Reactions. ...

Antibiotic Resistance. ...

Immuno-suppression. ...

Cancer. ...

Loss of Nutrition.

https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org › ...

GE Food & Your Health

Most of the GMO crops grown today were developed to help farmers prevent crop and food loss and control weeds. The three most common traits found in GMO crops are: Resistance to certain damaging insects. Tolerance of certain herbicides used to control weeds.Sep 29, 2020

https://www.fda.gov › food › why-d...

Why Do Farmers in the U.S. Grow GMO Crops? | FDA

The pros of GMO crops are that they may contain more nutrients, are grown with fewer pesticides, and are usually cheaper than their non-GMO counterparts. The cons of GMO foods are that they may cause allergic reactions because of their altered DNA and they may increase antibiotic resistance.Nov 20, 2020

https://www.insider.com › gmo-pros...

Evidence-based pros and cons of GMO foods - Insider

These include enhanced pathogenicity, emergence of a new disease, pest or weed, increased disease burden if the recipient organism is a pathogenic microorganism or virus, increased weed or pest burden if the recipient organism is a plant or invertebrate, and adverse effects on species, communities, or ecosystems.

https://www.hindawi.com › isrn

Risks and Precautions of Genetically Modified Organisms - Hindawi

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16440278/,kindly check this link.

It also causes erosion and runoff, affecting soil biodiversity and allows greenhouse gasses to escape from the soil. ... With less or no tilling, there would be less soil erosion. This would mean more water retention and fewer greenhouse gas emissions.

https://www.isaaa.org › publications

Pocket K No. 57: Impact of GM Crops on Soil Health - ISAAA

GMO crops that are tolerant to herbicides help farmers control weeds without damaging the crops. When farmers use these herbicide-tolerant crops they do not need to till the soil, which they normally do to get rid of weeds. This no-till planting helps to maintain soil health and lower fuel and labor use.Sep 28, 2020

https://www.fda.gov › food › how-g...

How GMO Crops Impact Our World | FDA

https://www.essentialstuff.org/2011/12/13/cat/how-gmos-destroy-life-soil-and-your-gut-probiotics/,u can follow this link.

https://holistichorse.com/api/amp/health-care/seven-ways-gmos-poison-animals-plants-and-soil/,this link may be useful.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/gmoanswers/2016/12/07/soil-health-matters/amp/,this link may be helpful.

https://www.gmwatch.org/en/news/archive/2003/2695-do-gm-crops-ruin-farm-soil,kindly check this link.

Actually why I raised this question as you must be knowing that in India edible GM crops are a big political issue and still yet to be approved. Politicians are saying that it has side effects on human and animal health. So my question of attention is that why health means we are concerning about only human and animal, why not soil.. if GM crops have side-effects on human health, it can have side-effects on soil health too.. so enough research should be carried out in India in order to know the soil health under GM crop cultivation.

@ Anoop Kumar Srivastava Sir @ Aref Wazwaz Sir and @ Faraed Salman Sir thank you for your valuable replies..

GM crops are generally high yielding, which many times exhausts soil nutrients rapidly and makes the soil less productive if not applied sufficient organic sources which also affects soil microbial load results in soil degradation

@ Chandrakala Mam.. thank you for such a satisfying answer. I am also fully agree with you.

This type research findings are not available. However, GM crops are high yielding and may be use more nutrients from soils.

@ Gyanendra Sir.. thank you for such valuable answer.

Weed management is major issue we are facing weed control by cultural and mechanical practices like rigorous till ages causes erosion and runoff, affecting soil biodiversity and allows greenhouse gasses to escape from the soil. With less or no tilling, there would be less soil erosion this would mean more water retention and fewer greenhouse gas emissions. to cope up this issues Herbicide tolerant crops are coming up. The effect of genetically modified (GM) crops with herbicide tolerance and insect resistance traits on some of these have been explored to elucidate the impact of GM crops on soil health. "GM crops do not pose a significant risk to soil health". because conservation tillage or no tillage can be possible by HR crops on which herbicides can spray and and biomass can be useful as organic matter and no till leads to less soil disturbance and less gas emissions higher carbon sequestration potential which are indicating enhance the SOC leads to maintain soil quality and health...

Thank you @ Jhonson

No scientific data showing effect of transgenic cotton on soil health.

the side-effect of GM are generally high yield, many times exhausts soil nutrients rapidly and let the soil less output if not applied sufficient organic sources which also affects soil microbial load results in soil degrading

Thank you so much @ Khizer Baig

Well done @ Kalinga

thank you so much @Nath

https://www.forbes.com/sites/gmoanswers/2016/12/07/soil-health-matters/amp

Thank you @ Nawab Khan

Debabrata Nath

Here is a summary of "Impact of GM crops on soil health" by ISAAA, including on soil erosion, decomposition and soil organism [1]. Attached image shows one table of the article.

[1] https://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/pocketk/57/default.asp#:~:text=Soil%20organisms%20%20%20Organism%20%20%20Crop,biomass%20of%20...%20%202%20more%20rows%20

Thanks alot @Yuan-Yeu

Issues of concern include: the capability of the GMO to escape and potentially introduce the engineered genes into wild populations; the persistence of the gene after the GMO has been harvested; the susceptibility of non-target organisms (e.g. insects which are not pests) to the gene product; the stability of the gene. Five sets of ethical concerns have been raised about GM crops: potential harm to human health; potential damage to the environment; negative impact on traditional farming practice; excessive corporate dominance; and the 'unnaturalness' of the technology. The pros of GMO crops are that they may contain more nutrients, are grown with fewer pesticides, and are usually cheaper than their non-GMO counterparts. The cons of GMO foods are that they may cause allergic reactions because of their altered DNA and they may increase antibiotic resistance. Research indicates that GM crop technology can result in a net increase in herbicide use and can foster the growth of herbicide resistant weeds. In addition, there is concern that the use of GM crops may negatively impact the agriculture ecosystem.

Excellent @ RK Naresh Sir