some where i heard PCA is very useful for ground water pollution study. it will give the idea about source element in the Ground water.
If you mean Principal component analysis (PCA), then it is a statistical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components
It is simply a statistical analysis tool. Everything is well explained in the paper linked by Dasapta Erwin Irawan.
It is a advanced statistical analysis with multiple variables occur in single sample set; please get the complete details in the pdf file available in the following link;
http://www.cs.otago.ac.nz/cosc453/student_tutorials/principal_components.pdf
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~dfg/ProbabilisticInference/IDAPILecture15.pdf
My suggestion: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319469038_New_Interpretation_of_Principal_Components_Analysis
Article New Interpretation of Principal Components Analysis
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a mathematical procedure that transforms a number of (possibly) correlated variables into a (smaller) number of uncorrelated variables called principal components.
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