During the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, some universities provided their online teaching, which is a very good step. Indeed, the implementation of e-learning has enabled universities to respond to their social responsibility, teachers to continue with a component of their mission, and students not to stop their training. However, these lessons should be evaluated and the participation rate of students in online classes checked.

During the confinement imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, some universities provided their online teaching, which is a very good step. Indeed, the implementation of e-learning has enabled universities to respond to their social responsibility, teachers to continue with a component of their mission, and students not to stop their training. However, these lessons should be evaluated and the participation rate of students in online classes checked.

In my current study on consequences of Covid-19, I also analyse these issues. Please consider contributing: http://covid-19-coping.uni.lu/

Additionally, I study the changing (?) discourse for universities and higher education institutions. We can gladly exchange our insights.

This time is very difficult time. Under COVID - 19, all the educational Institutions are providing online teaching. Here we have to understand that we should continue our teaching as well as the students should also not stop their study.

This process is required for the welfare of society.

I believe that in view of the confinement imposed by the covid-19 pandemic, universities will need to rethink themselves. At first, due to physical isolation, the focus seems to have been on teaching activities that were interrupted in person and moved to course offerings in the non-face-to-face modality. But considering the uncertainty due to the pandemic, the courses may be developed in blended teaching modalities. But also research activities, which at first were directed by teams of researchers in search of solutions to the problem of contamination and treatment. Now they will need to understand the consequences and changes that have taken place in different dimensions. New international collaboration networks will need to be created.

Important stages in the dissertation process include:

• choosing a topic
• Talk to others: what topics are other students considering? Does this spark an interest? Discuss your own ideas. You don’t need to wait until you have a specific research question. The comments and questions of fellow students and staff may help you to refine your focus.
• Look at other writing: set aside some time to spend in the library. Skim through the titles of research papers in your field published over the past five years. Read the abstracts of those you find most interesting.
• Look through the dissertations of previous students in your department. The topics may give you inspiration or provide useful suggestions for further research.
• Think about your own interests: which topic have you found most interesting? Is there an element that could be developed into a research project?
• Be extra critical: is there something in your course so far that you have been sceptical about? Have you come across a topic which you think needs further study?
• Read about an interesting topic and ask questions. This may identify a research question you could address.

Remember that a research study can:

• replicate an existing study in a different setting;
• explore an under-researched area;
• extend a previous study;
• review the knowledge thus far in a specific field;
• develop or test out a methodology or method;
• address a research question in isolation, or within a wider programme of work; or
• apply a theoretical idea to a real world problem.

This list is not exhaustive. You need to check whether your department prefers particular kinds of research study.

Discuss your proposed topic with a member of academic staff who you think might be appropriate to supervise the project. Academic staff are generally open to suggestions as long as:

• they feel that they know enough about the subject to supervise it
• the topic falls within the broad field of your degree subject

You should think realistically about the practical implications of your choice

• Is it likely that you can complete the project to a reasonable standard in the time available?
• Will it be necessary to travel? If so, are you able or willing to do so?
• Will you have access to the equipment or room space you need?
• Do you have access to the population of interest?
• What are the potential costs involved?
• developing a research question
• effective planning of the research
• conducting research
• reporting the research

Educators should be innovative in reaching their students employing different modalities of teaching techniques. However, educators should also learn how to draw the balance between being emphatic to your students during pandemic, but at the same without compromising academic disciplines and valuing transformation on the process of learning.

Most students who were not familiar with online delivery of lecture learnt skills on how to navigate through distance learning. Additional skills like these are some of the beneficial outcomes of the confinement linked to COVID-19. Likewise, some professors who were not conversant with using online devices for lecture gained knowledge on how to run the devices effectively.

Students who earlier jubilated that schools were,shut down therefore giving them,a sense if relief from the demands of their teachers are now tired staying at home.Many of them gave oughted for on line classes.Many who didn't want to be computer ,literate have now enrolled for computer training. Many faculties and various departments are organising training for their staff to be computer,friendly. Every person is changing his way,of life to go on line.In a particular family the computer literate child is organizing computer,classes for other members of the family that are not.If the confinement were not there these would not have happened

This depends on the extent of the disease in the country, and on alternative settings and scenarios for traditional education.

Certainly there is urgent need to go back to traditional education.In my village it's actually been difficult explaining to the aged woman,at home what covid 19 is. I am too sure that once the old woman at home knows what the disease is, she will automatically prescribe a native cure for it and believe me this will work tremendously whether WHO approves of it or not. Traditional or indigenous education has been relegated to the background but it's still effective until today. At the point we are today there may be need for the reintroduction of traditional/ indigenous education into the country 's educational system. Probably if we had continued with our own educational system we would have been ahead of others tiday

Teaching will continue in universities online, despite the challenges most universities have faced, despite the weak expected outcomes.