Hello

VHS a systemic infection of salmon or trout fish,this fish is one types of coldwater fish as well as a broad range of fish wild freshwater and marine species

see links here i hope help you

Good luck                                               

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2878170/

http://www.glfc.org/pubs/SpecialPubs/sp83_2/pdf/chap19.pdf

http://www.cefas.defra.gov.uk/publications/finfishnews/ffn2_web.pdf

http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/invasive/pdf/vhs_glc_factsheet_2011.pdf

http://web.oie.int/eng/normes/fmanual/2.3.09.VHS.pdf

Dear Dr. Saleh Alkarim,

Assalamon alikom,

Thank you for your kind attention and valued response.

Would you please refer to my question and advise me as follows:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which_lesion_in_infected_fish_could_be_Pathognomonic_in_Viral_Nervous_Necrosis_VNN

Thanks in anticipated

Best regards

Transmission mechanisms

Transmission primarily occurs horizontally through water, with excretion of virus in the urine . Studies using bioluminescence imaging of live trout infected with recombinant virulent IHNV, a virus very similar to

VHSV, carrying a reporter gene, elegantly illustrated that virus yield on the fish skin was very high .

This remains to be examined for VHS-infected fish, but it is expected that the direct excretion of virus from

the skin is a significant source of virus spread .

Dear Mohsen,

Thanks for your valued message.

What  do you think about Kind of fish as the main source of the VHS virus?

Marine fish? Ornamental, tropical or coldwater fish?

Thanks again

VHS was first detected in the Great Lakes region in the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario, in 2005, and was subsequently detected in an archived 2003 sample from Lake St. Clair. VHS virus also was detected in Lake St. Clair in 2005 and in Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair and the St. Lawrence River in 2006 in a variety of fish species. Prior to 2003, isolations of VHS virus were limited in North America to saltwater finfish from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, including Chinook and Coho salmon, Pacific herring, Atlantic herring and cod. Since 2005, the list of species known to be affected by VHS has risen to more than 40, including a number of ecologically and recreationally important fish.

Hello,

As I've recently studied about VHSV epidemiology, the first report on VHSV in Trout was in the year of 1938 from Germany.

This phenomenon in the Great Lake was a perfect disaster, not the first!

Even the preliminary efforts regarding to VHSV vaccine done around 1980 decade, so the history of the disease is older than this.

But there is no valuated evidence around the fist etiology on VHS disease.

• Historically, VHS has been known for many years as a devastating disease of freshwater-reared rainbow trout on the European continent. Disease events known

as early as the 1930’s were thought to have a viral cause (a viral etiology), but it was not until the early 1960’s, when the techniques of fish cell culture became available, that the virus was cultured and proven to be the cause of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia.

• A major event in the history of VHS occurred in 1988 and 1989 when

VHSV was isolated from apparently normal returning sea-run chinook and coho salmon in the Puget Sound area of Washington, in the Pacific Northwest of the

United States.

Hello

In  Europe VHS virus is a highly infective virus causing massive losses in trout farms (mainly affecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss). An intensive production is possible only in virus free farms. The origin of the virus is asumed to be marine, and the virus brought in through fresh marine fish fed to trout. In freshwater the virus has changed and has developed to be highly infectious. This has been the case in the 40ies first in Denmark, where it has been called originally Egdved-virus,accoring the area where it had been detected.