Many studies have investigated different soccer small-sided games formats in order to find the effect of rule changes in tactical, technical, physical and physiological performances. In almost every protocol, warm-up activities are proposed, i.e. sprints, running, ball contacts and other. However, I couldn't find any reference to this choice. What is possible to speculate about the influence of the warm-up and the warm-up settings in soccer small-sided games?
Small-sided soccer games are tools used to develop, simultaneously, technical, tactical, physical and psychological characteristics of soccer players. They are often played in small pitch sizes (around 40x30m), with fewer number of players than the regular game (3x3, 4x4, for example) and different rules (offside, presence/absence of goals, touches allowed per possession, etc.). To see an example, I recomend the attached paper, recently published by my research group.
Best regards,
Gibson M. Praça.
Article Numerical superiority changes the physical demands of soccer...
Gibson, I did look @ some documents but none directly addressed the warm up. however these may help you
Castellano, J., Casamichana, D., & Dellal, A. (2013). Influence of game format and number of players on heart rate responses and physical demands in small-sided soccer games. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1295-1303.
Owen, A. L., Wong, D. P., Paul, D., & Dellal, A. (2012). Effects of a periodized small-sided game training intervention on physical performance in elite professional soccer. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2748-2754.
I understand that the warm up should reproduce, in a more gradual way, the specificity of the main session´s activities. The more specific the warm up, I assume we could expect more prophylaxis and performance effects. Find attached a few articles on the subject that could be of your interest. Regards.
Dear Marcelo and Vincius, thanks for the answer and the papers.
Another question: have you found some evidence about the with or without ball warm-up protocols influence in subsequent game performance?
The warm-up is the first phase of work-ability or work-capacity -
http://www.strongfirst.com/what-is-work-capacity-part-ii/
In Russia and Eastern European countries this is in our textbooks. I teach it to our freshmen in sport university.
When we begin some work, we start gradually and after some time we reach the level of high stable work-ability (work-capacity). In sports this first phase is moved ahead of the activity and named "warm-up". The idea is that you begin the sport activity in the phase of high stable work-ability - in order not to warm-up gradually during the practice or competition. Because if you do so, then you give a gift to your opponents- 15 to 20 minutes when they will be much better than you in every aspect of the game.
Please pay attention that this is about physical work-ability, but also about mental work-ability. Many athletes warm-up while gossiping or thinking about other things. The result is that they enter the practice or competition in the 2nd phase of work-ability physically but still in the 1st phase psychologically. They will need more time in order to focus, turn on game-thinking, anticipation etc. So, again, they give to their opponents the gift 15-20 min of ineffective game play. During these 15-29 minutes the game could be "resolved", the result could be defined.
So, you should warm-up both physically and psychologically, gradually involving the functions, processes, qualities that you will use during the game.
http://www.strongfirst.com/what-is-work-capacity-part-ii/
Besides the physiological and psychological aspects, I would also highlight the importance of the cognitive warm-up, from the tactical and strategical point of view, prior to competition, including in the warm-up sessions specific principles of the chosen system of play. Regarding the use of the ball, I also use the argument based on the specificity of the game, but I haven´t seen yet any scientific studies about the difference of warm-up sessions with or without the ball. It would be a very interesting study but how to evaluate the effects of both?
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