What is the importance of rhizosphere organisms and significance of microorganism present in the rhizosphere and Rhizoplane?
Rhizosphere is a soil micro environment.the process and functions taking place in the dominated by the activities of plant roots.
The rhizoplane is root surface in soil and corresponds to the inner limit of the rhizosphere.Rhizoplane plants exchange elements with the surrounding soil.
Soil pores in the rhizosphere can contain many bacteria and other microorganisms that feed on sloughed-off plant cells, termed rhizodeposition, and the proteins and sugars released by roots, termed root exudates. This symbiosis leads to more complex interactions; influencing plant growth and competition for resources. Rhizosphere includes the use of plant growth-promoting organisms and the suppression of plant diseases and weeds using biocontrol agents. Rhizosphere organisms can also be used to enhance the formation of stable soil aggregates and as bioremediation agents of contaminated soils. The soil zone strongly influenced by plant roots, the rhizosphere, plays an important role in regulating soil organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. Processes that are largely controlled or directly influenced by roots are often referred to as rhizosphere processes. Rhizosphere is a hotspot gathering of several organisms such as protozoa and nematodes that can play an important role complementary to the role of bacteria and fungi, as the remobilization of nutrients from consumed bacterial biomass, the nutrient mineralization in soil, and enhanced plant nutrition. Rhizobacteria reside in the rhizosphere, and those having beneficial effects on plants are termed plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. These rhizobacteria are equipped with a number of mechanisms through which they improve plant growth in diverse agricultural settings. The rhizosphere is known to be a biologically active zone that contains soil-borne microbes where the biological, chemical and physical characteristics influence the roots. A large number of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi coexist in the rhizosphere and bacteria are the most abundant among them. Rhizosphere is not only an important area of the plant ecosystem, but also governs the chemistry of plant nutrient acquisitions. Plants secrete such exudates as sugars, organic acids, and amino acids that influence soil microbial communities and activities resulting in elevated numbers of microorganisms. One of the important components of the nitrogen cycle in a range of ecosystems is nitrogen fixation associated with roots of grasses. The rhizosphere is known to be a biologically active zone that contains soil-borne microbes where the biological, chemical and physical characteristics influence the roots.
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