What is the importance of bacteria in photosynthesis and difference between chlorophyll present in bacteria and plant?
Photosynthetic bacteria can produce various types of physiological active substance such as vitamin B(12), ubiquinone (coenzyme Q10), 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), porphyrins and RNA. In particular, photosynthetic bacterial ALA was commercially applied to cancer diagnosis and treatment. Chlorophyll is a compound that is found in all photosynthetic plants. It is present in the chloroplast of the leaves. In bacteria, chlorophyll is absent. It is also known as the primary photosynthetic pigment. Photosynthetic bacteria maintain energy for growth and metabolism from organic acids or carbon monoxide. They grow on most of the organic acids involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Bacterial photosynthesis is primarily an anoxygenic process in which O2 is not evolved, whereas plant photosynthesis is an oxygenic process in which O2 is evolved. Chlorophyll a and b are photosynthetic pigments involved in the process. Since bacteria don't have chloroplasts, photosynthetic pigments are found in their membrane folds. Blue-green algae, often known as cyanobacteria, have chlorophyll and are able to perform oxygenic photosynthesis just like plants. While plants evolve oxygen, other microorganisms do anoxygenic photosynthesis.Inoculated with photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) are confirmed to form a symbiotic relationship with crop roots, thereby promoting root development, and improving crop root nutrient and water uptake capacity. They are self-supporting organisms that produce sugars to stimulate other soil life. They can also build amino acids for the benefit of plants and other organisms. The process of photosynthesis in bacteria and plants is different. Bacterial photosynthesis is mostly an anoxygenic process, here O2 is not evolved, whereas plant photosynthesis is an oxygenic process and O2 is evolved during the process. Because bacteria are prokaryotic, they do not have a nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles. In contrast, plants and animals are made up of eukaryotic cells, which mean they have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria or golgi apparatus. Bacteria change the soil environment so that certain plant species can exist and proliferate. Where new soil is forming, certain photosynthetic bacteria start to colonize the soil, recycling nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and other soil nutrients to produce the first organic matter. Bacteriochlorophylls are found in phototrophic bacteria or anoxygenic phototrophs such as purple bacteria, heliobacteria and green sulfur bacteria, etc. Meanwhile, chlorophylls are found in oxygenic phototrophs such as plants, algae and cyanobacteria. The former is a blue-green pigment and the latter is a yellow-green pigment. They give their characteristic green colour due to the strong absorbance of red and blue light. The other types of chlorophyll include chlorophyll c1, c2, c3, d, e and chlorophyll f.
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