Here are some references related to the impact of HPV vaccine on HPV prevalence characteristics:

Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2014;63(RR-05):1-30. PMID: 25167164.

Drolet M, Bénard É, Boily MC, et al. Population-level impact and herd effects following human papillomavirus vaccination programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15(5):565-580. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)71073-4

Simms KT, Steinberg J, Caruana M, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination on cervical screening in Victoria, Australia. Vaccine. 2017;35(43):5840-5846. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.037

Lei J, Ploner A, Elfström KM, et al. HPV vaccination and the risk of invasive cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(14):1340-1348. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1917338

Jit M, Brisson M, Portnoy A, et al. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: the impact of nonavalent vaccine on HPV-related disease. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2015;14(8):1007-1019. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1057405

HPV vaccine impact on vaccinated peoples increase fertility beside protection against HPV disease

The HPV vaccine has been shown to have a significant impact on the prevalence characteristics of HPV. HPV (human papillomavirus) is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause a range of health problems, including genital warts and various types of cancer.

The HPV vaccine works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus, which can help prevent infection. The vaccine is most effective when given before exposure to the virus, which is why it is typically recommended for pre-adolescent and adolescent girls and boys.

Studies have shown that the HPV vaccine can reduce the prevalence of HPV infection in vaccinated populations. For example, a study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases in 2016 found that the prevalence of HPV among young women aged 18-26 decreased significantly after the introduction of the HPV vaccine.

The vaccine has also been shown to reduce the incidence of HPV-related cancers, including cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancer. A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute in 2019 found that the incidence of cervical cancer decreased significantly among women who received the HPV vaccine.

Overall, the HPV vaccine has had a significant impact on the prevalence characteristics of HPV, reducing the incidence of HPV infection and associated health problems. Continued efforts to promote the vaccine and increase vaccination rates are important for further reducing the burden of HPV-related disease.

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Yes positively and should be widely recommended in risk groups

In Scotland, research suggests that it has led to a unprecedented drop in cervical disease in later life. Indeed it has almost eradicated cases with pre cancerous cells in young women. This has impacted so much that we can safely change our national cervical screening programme and move the age cohorts for screening as the risk has reduced so much. This is a real benefit and cost saving, not only to the patients, who do not need to attend for prolonged treatments but the wider NHS.

As rates for other cancers are collated differently we are awaiting to see if these is a corresponding reduction in other cancers particularly head-and-neck, vulvo-vaginal and anal cancers.

Reference

BMJ 2019 The remarkable impact of bivalent HPV vaccine in Scotland Accessible at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1375 : BMJ 2019;365:l1375

Palmer, T. et al. 2019 Prevalence of cervical disease at age 20 after immunisation with bivalent HPV vaccine at age 12-13 in Scotland: retrospective population study. Accessible at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1161 : BMJ 2019;365:l1161

Tina Mcmichael Thank you for your valuable answer. I would like to learn more about the following: 1. whether the HPV vaccine has changed the distribution of HPV genotypes and their age-specific distribution. 2. how does the dominant phenotype change after vaccination in different vaccines, in different high prevalence areas. 3. how screening is performed in the vaccinated population. How triage is performed for HPV high-risk positive populations.

A new HPV vaccine may drastically change cervical cancer management in India and other middle and lower-income countries. But the government rollout has hit delays, and health care workers also face vaccine hesitancy. Cervical cancer screening, meanwhile, will still be necessary for many women...

https://undark.org/2023/09/13/a-locally-made-hpv-vaccine-in-india-faces-hesitancy-and-delays/