During assymetrical crosslinking of f.e.epoxy resins we found electrical Charge separation, see our publications. The explanation of this electret effect lies in the isolating behaviour of polymers.
The last years we tried to proof the similar effect during coagulation of blood as an 95 % aquious system. And estonishingly, we also found an electric reproduceable charge Separation, see also our publications.
Could anybody give an Explanation for beeing able to measure charge separation in water.? Have you done similar research?
Your comments are highly wellcome.
The proteins in involved in coagulation are charged and many of them are glycoproteins. I assume that is what you are observing.
ABSTRACT Interaction between the Gla-domain of coagulation proteins and negatively charged phospholipid membranes is essential for blood coagulation reactions. The interaction is calcium-dependent and mediated both by electrostatic and hydrophobic forces. This report focuses on the electrostatic component of factor IX activation via the extrinsic pathway. Effective charges during the reaction are measured by ionic titration of activity, according to the Debye-Huckel and Gouy-Chapman models. Rates of activation decrease with ionic strength independently of the type of monovalent salt used to control ionic strength. Moreover, the effect of ionic strength decreases at concentrations of charged phospholipid approaching saturation levels, indicating that membrane charges participate directly in the ionic interaction measured. The effective charge on calcium-bound factor IX during activation on phospholipid membranes is 0.95+/-0.1. Possible sites mediating contacts between the Gla-domain and membranes are selected by geometrical criteria in several metal-bound Gla-domain structures. A pocket with a solvent opening-pore of area 24-38 A2 is found in the Gla-domain of factors IX, VII, and prothrombin. The pocket contains atoms with negative partial charges, including carboxylate oxygens from Gla residues, and has a volume of 57-114 A3, sufficient to accommodate additional calcium atoms. These studies demonstrate that electrostatic forces modify the activity coefficient of factor IX during functional interactions and suggest a conserved pocket motif as the contact site between the calcium-bound Gla-domain and charged membranes.
Electrostatic interactions during activation of coagulation factor IX via the tissue factor pathway: Effect of univalent salts - ResearchGate. Available from: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/13254038_Electrostatic_interactions_during_activation_of_coagulation_factor_IX_via_the_tissue_factor_pathway_Effect_of_univalent_salts [accessed Sep 25, 2015].
Article Electrostatic interactions during activation of coagulation ...
Dear Kenneth,
thank you vers much for your valuable answer. After having red the article I will come back ,
Best greetinge
yours Peter
Dear Peter,
Did You try to measure impedance aggregometry in the whole blood?
Dear Peter,
thank you for answering; we measure electrical current or voltage with an electrometer with a high entrance resistivity and without any applied voltage between the two electrods. The measured current during asymmetrical coagulation of blood is generated in the aqueous System. You have the same or similar effect in asymmetrically freezing water . This is the so called Workman Reynolds 1953 effect which is one explanation for charging during thunderstorms.We found this effect 1970 during crosslinking of epoxy resins and later on also during permeation of water through polymers and during melting of thermoplatic resins. Recently a PhD showed this effect also during coagulation of blood. All the papers are deposited in RG under my Name.
your answer is highly wellcome
Peter
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