What is the effect of sustained voltage sag and possibility of voltage collapse in a meshed network and radial network,? What are the practical means to avert such happening in terms of deploying devices and / or operating strategy in grid system?
Under voltage (or sustained voltage sag) causes mis-operation, or trip off of sensitive equipment and loads. The amount of the affected loads and equipment depends on the under voltage level. Sometimes, this forced disconnection of sensitive loads due under voltage conditions by their protective relays can contribute in the self-healing of the under voltage due to the relief of loading on the network. Some utilities reduce the voltage level intentionally for shedding of sensitive loads during overloading conditions or under voltage conditions. Under voltage problems can also be solved by using appropriate FACTS devices, such as STATCOM, D-STATCOM, and SVC.
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