You are asking several questions so I will advise that chemical mutagenisis is a different process that that due to radiation. I will briefly discuss the radiation aspects.

You need to know the dose:

The absorbed dose is the sum of the radiation exposure in  Coulombs/kg of the radiation beam multiplied by the ionization energy of the object  ionized.  The units C/kg relates to the number of ion pairs created due to the radiation passing through.

That is a standard textbook example I use with my students is: the ionization energy of dry air at STP is 33.97 ± 0.06 J/C or 33.97 eV per ion pair Therefore an exposure of 2.58×10exp(−4) C/kg or 1 roentgen, would deposit an absorbed dose of 8.76×10exp(−3) J/kg or 0.00876 Gy in dry air at those conditions.

The absorbed dose is often not uniform or only irradiates a portion of an object or for living tissue will have different effects for different tissues ie liver vs heart.

This is where the relative biological effect comes in, that is depending on the energy and type of particle the effect of a given absorbed dose in Gy is multiplied by the RBE factor and the result is given in Sieverts Sv.

So different particles have a RBE which is expressed as a quality Q or weighting factor WR.

Gamma, X-rays, beta (electrons) or muons Q = 1

neutrons (< 1 MeV)         Q = 2.5 + 18.2•e-[ln(E)]²/6

neutrons (1 - 50 MeV)     Q = 5.0 + 17.0•e-[ln(2•E)]²/6

neutrons (> 50 MeV)       Q =  2.5 + 3.25•e-[ln(0.04•E)]²/6

protons, charged particles like pions   Q = 2

alpha particles (He nuclei) or heavier nuclear fission products Q = 20

So I hope this starts to get you on the track to look up the various particles, energies etc. the next point to consider is the Linear Energy transfer, I will leave it to you to look up for your self.

Cheers

Thank you very much sir for your kind explanation...

charges

Dear Mr. Surendra Nath,

Interesting question.

Actually the basic difference between Ion beam, Neutron beam and Gamma irradiation is the source of Irradiation. For Ion/Proton beam we use Van De Graaff or charged particle accelerator; for Neutron beam we use TRIGA reactor or Am/Be neutron source and for Gamma irradiation Co-60/Cs137 are being used. However your question is not fully clear. You may let us know on which field you have been conducting your experiments.

Best Regards. 

always we used th e radioactive sources Co-60 and Cs-1237 for gamma radiation

while the neutron beam we used(  Am-Be)  source with known value of neutron flux.

For Ion/Proton beam we use Van De Graaff or charged particle accelerator

so, you can select the experiment you  want to work

Best regards

On one hand, gamma-rays are photons and sparsely ionizing, low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. On the other, neutrons and ion beams are densely ionizing, high LET radiation. Ion beams are charged particles, whilst neutrons are chargeless particles. Following papers are just examples picked up from a series of studies, but will be useful.

The paper below compares the mutational effects of heavy ion beams and gamma-rays in Arabidopsis.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23728320

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20148698

Papers below reports heavy ion beam mutagenesis in rice, wheat and Arabidopsis.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27804786

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25719507

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23132948

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22930364

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22027091

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12793751

The paper below reports the fast neutron mutagenesis in peanut, soybean, and Arabidopsis.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25653418

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25213171

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22499668

The paper below compares the mutational effects of fast neutrons and UVB in beans.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24066298