I think you are confused. Extraction means that your plant material (powder) is in contact with the solvent that it can be water or some organic solvent like methanol, dichloromethane , acetone and so on. In all these cases you get extracts. If  you applied any chromatographic technique or partition to some of these extracts you are fractionating them. It means that all the components in your initial extract is separating  in each fraction mainly according its polarity.

Can you rephrase your question. I am not able to get as to what is your question?

Do you mean water extraction and organic, then water, extraction? What are you trying to extract?

The question is a bit vague. Aquas extraction is extracting components from plant or other material using distilled or deionized water. It can be done using magnetic stirrer, maceration, soxhlet extractions and etc. Organic solvents such as Methanol, Ethanol, Chloroform  can also be used for extraction. Fractionation is step by step extraction of components using either of extracting solvents. 

I think you are confused. Extraction means that your plant material (powder) is in contact with the solvent that it can be water or some organic solvent like methanol, dichloromethane , acetone and so on. In all these cases you get extracts. If  you applied any chromatographic technique or partition to some of these extracts you are fractionating them. It means that all the components in your initial extract is separating  in each fraction mainly according its polarity.

yes there is a difference between these two methods (maceration and liquid liquid extraction) and its about the chemical composition, in the aqueous extract you found all most constituents of the plant but in the liquid liquid extraction chromatography, you will base on the polarity of different solvents to separate different natural products classes in different extracts which is make it easy for further separations

Please note that aqueous extraction means extraction of source material using water and fraction extraction is not an actual word but it can be mentioned as "fractionation", which is a further step to go for isolation of compound from the extract.   

the aqueous extract will contain the whole compound of plant material while in each fraction obtained by the fraction extraction method you will have only some molecules and this depend on the solvent polarity.

You need to know that extraction is the use of a solvent whether it is organic e.g. methanol, chloroform, hexane, etc or just water or a combination of water and methanol to soak (macerate ) or even boil plant powder for a specified length of time. Once you separate plant material from the solvent by filtration or decantation, you get a liquid known as extract. 

Using chromatography or liquid liquid fractionation procedure will produce fractions containing compounds with different affinity towards each solvent in use.

hope this answer your question!!! 

Do you mean extraction with water and successive fraction of the aqueous extract?

Please  precise.

I think she means that after methanolic extraction when crude is obtained then further its fractionation ( n-hexan ,chloroform ,ethylacetate and butanol etc).