some medications cause Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) such as ibuprofen, allopurinol, carbamazepine etc. these drugs are with very different mechanism of action, what is the common biochemical reaction that trigger Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS)?
Plz go through the sections Pathogenesis/Pathophysiology in attached publications.
The culprit of dermal hypersensitivity reactions or SJS has been primarily linked to the polymorphisms seen in the HLA-A/B complex. Thus, the use of certain medication requires genetic testing for those alleles before giving the medication. The prime example is an HIV medication known as abacavir. Other medications such as allopurinol also has pharmacogenetic-based guidelines due to the risk of SJS associated with its use. Finally, the prevalence of those alleles greatly vary across different populations so certain populations could have a much higher risk for developing these adverse effects. A prime example is the use of carbamazepine in Han-Chinese descent, which is almost contraindicated due to the high prevalence of the HLA-B*1502 in that population.
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