If it re-assemble, then how the identity of nanocellulose exist and how it distribute/disperse in solution in-spite of strong H bonding due to increased surface area?
cellulose in nanocrystal or nanowhisker state is nanocellulose. They will have similar hydrogen bonding behavior. The individual crystal can be isolated. As the nano form contribution comes from each nanocrystal the effect is enormous.
I like to add that H-bonding is stronger at shorter distance. In solid aggregate the hydrogen bonding will not decrease, rather it will be better as the crystals are closer.
I like to add that orientation, surface contact, surface charge and morphologies will involve to the bonding. Of course we are not consider surface modification in this regard. You can control the morphologies by drying process. Other example on changing surface charge by using different hydrolysis process.
I would also like to add that the bonds formed during drying is partially irrversible in nature. During drying, when water leaves the system, the capillary effect can enough high pressures to migrate nano-fibrils from one fiber to another, creating strong physical string bonding. There is a technical term for it "Hornification". This is the reason that once dried nanocellulose is not redispered to originally state in water. Usually, mechanical energy is required again to break these bonds. I am mentioning this in regards to cellulose nanofibers.