According to my experience, the electrical and electromagnetic methods (geophysics) have been used for mapping hydrocarbons contamination plumes based on biodegradation processes (action of bacteria). The low resistivity anomaly is associated with bacterial action, ie, the population of bacteria.
Whether in field or laboratory ,monitoring soil resistivity may indicate increase or decrease of bacterial action (microorganisms).
Molecular methods are important tools for investigating the diversity. Analyses of DNA can determine the numbers of different genomes. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) or rDNA (genes coding for rRNA) fingerprinting, probing and sequencing can be used to detect and identify organisms. The combination of different methods that complement each other is a useful strategy for monitoring changes of microbial communities in natural ecosystems. See following link for details
thank you Arvind Singh for the answer and paper provided. i appreciate.
also Suresh K Malhotra thank you.
your responses had positive relief. but may worries is in identifying the best primers to use in the identification of unknown microbes isolated from the soil.