Supplementary feeding, for me, is the addition of specific nutrients and substances to the diet.
The goal of supplementary feeding is not to bring nutrients but help the fish' physiology in some other way. For example, adding beta-glucans to boost the immune system or adding pre and probiotics.
We published a couple of studies on the subject, if it is of interest to you...
Supplementary feeding is additives. This is used to reduce FCR, weight increase, strengthen immune system of the fish/shrimp in animal feeding.
In Vietnam, there is a zero-waste technology that utilizes shrimp waste to produce this "Additive" for animal feed. Raw material is shrimp heads which are rich in protein but normally disposed into sea/landfills at high economic and environmental costs.
There is apparently some difference in "application of feed supplements" and "supplementary feeding", as as I understand. Application of feed supplements, as found in the answers till date, in the present context, refers to application of feed additives. Beyond this, as often used in South Asia, supplementary feeding refers to feed given in addition to the natural feed (plankton and benthos) produced through fertilization (application of organic/inorganic fertilizers) in enclosures (ponds).