The growing interest in artificial intelligence also motivates us to revisit natural intelligence for benchmarking.
I like the definition of intelligence by Wechsler (1975): -
"Intelligence is a multifaceted entity, a product of many factors and subject to innumerable influences."
In other words, "it is a complex of many abilities."
Hawkin's definition of intelligence as “the capacity of the brain to predict the future by analogy to the past" is also impressive (Howard, 1993).
I too believe that the intelligence of any organism may have an intricate relationship with its memory. The loss of information while registering the observed sensory signals (content) in the neural network, the loss of information with time, and the variance added during the retrieval process to reconstruct the content, play a critical role in the emergent phenomenon 'intelligence'.
Wechsler, D. (1975). Intelligence defined and undefined: A relativistic appraisal. American Psychologist, 30(2), 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076868
Howard, R. W. (1993). On what intelligence is. British Journal of Psychology, 84(1), 27-37.
Good question. Very hard to answer convincingly, I think. I hope for a lively and insightful discussion!
Dear James Doran
I agree with you, it is difficult for an observer to understand the intelligence that goes a long way in making an observation. I have added my views on the topic. I hope it will help you attempt an answer.
Dear Brajesh Mishra ,
Benchmarking—the process of screening, selecting, and analyzing comparable companies—is time consuming. Analysts can spend innumerable hours every year preparing transfer pricing documentation, with a substantial portion of that time dedicated to benchmarking. Even with improvements in the quality of databases (which offer a vast array of quantitative and qualitative data), the sets of potential comparables that analysts must sift through are often enormous.
With the applications of artificial intelligence (or “AI”) expanding by the day, it is time to start thinking about whether AI could automate parts of the benchmarking process.
https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/blogs/2021/04/artificial-intelligence-for-benchmarking-the-wave-of-the-future
Regards,
Shafagat
Natural intelligence refers to the inherent cognitive abilities and learning capacity that living organisms, particularly humans and animals, possess naturally. It encompasses the ability to perceive, understand, learn, reason, and adapt to the environment. Natural intelligence is often contrasted with artificial intelligence, which refers to intelligence exhibited by machines or systems created by humans.
The relationship between natural intelligence and memory is crucial. Memory is a fundamental component of natural intelligence as it involves the ability to store, retain, and retrieve information. There are different types of memory, and they play distinct roles in supporting cognitive functions:
The relationship between natural intelligence and memory can be understood in the following ways:
- Learning and Adaptation: Natural intelligence relies on the ability to learn from experiences and adapt to the environment. Memory facilitates this process by storing information about past experiences, enabling organisms to modify their behavior based on previous learning.
- Problem Solving: Memory plays a crucial role in problem-solving and decision-making. Organisms draw upon stored information to identify patterns, recall relevant knowledge, and apply past experiences to solve current challenges.
- Language and Communication: Memory is essential for language acquisition and communication. Natural intelligence allows organisms to remember words, meanings, and grammatical structures, enabling effective communication.
- Complex Cognitive Functions: Higher-order cognitive functions, such as reasoning, critical thinking, and creativity, involve the integration of information from memory. The ability to access and manipulate stored knowledge supports these complex cognitive processes.
- Spatial and Temporal Navigation: Memory contributes to spatial and temporal navigation by helping organisms remember locations, landmarks, and temporal sequences of events.
In summary, natural intelligence and memory are intricately linked, with memory serving as a foundational component that supports various cognitive functions. The ability to acquire, store, and retrieve information enhances an organism's capacity for learning, adaptation, and effective interaction with its environment.
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