What does floating car data (FCD) refer to exactly, method or data? Based on the description in Wikipedia[1] and Encyclopedia of GIS[2] , FCD is a method instead of sort of data, which surprises me.
Moreover, what is the difference between Probe data and FCD?
Thank you!
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_car_data
Floating car data (FCD), also known as floating cellular data, is a method to determine the traffic speed on the road network. It is based on the collection of localization data, speed, direction of travel and time information from mobile phones in vehicles that are being driven.
[2] http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-35973-1_423
Floating car data (FCD) refers to using data generated by one vehicle as a sample to assess the overall traffic condition (“cork swimming in the river”).
FCD to my knowledge refers to data obtained from agents in non intrusive sensor like smart phones with built-in GPS module
"Floating car" was originally (since 1950s) a concept used to obtain traffic flow and journey time - see eg. https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/3779576246153/MovingObserverMethod_TheoreticalAnalysis.pdf
Since the boom of GPS devices (2000s) the "floating car" is any car from which GPS positions are continually recorded (via on-board units, smart phones, etc.).
It is obvious that "floating car data" (FCD) are attractive, especially when collected from large fleets, which are hoped to be representative of driving population. However each unit is a separate probe, which is not aware of the other vehicles (be they probes or not). Therefore current "floating cars" are not the same as the ones defined in 1950s. It may be for example complicated to estimate free flow speed from probe data...
The above is my own definition, I hope I made it clear :-) If not, let me know, please...
Herewith two related papers, in which we used the same data, but did not refer them to as FCD:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26858844_Characterizing_the_Human_Mobility_Pattern_in_a_Large_Street_Network
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/1910404_Street_Hierarchies_A_Minority_of_Streets_Account_for_A_Majority_of_Traffic_Flow
Article Characterizing the Human Mobility Pattern in a Large Street Network
Article Street Hierarchies: A Minority of Streets Account for A Majo...
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