What is effective and group refractive index formula in waveguides?

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Punnag Padhy Popular answer

Effective index is the ratio of the propagation constant in the waveguide to the free space propagation constant. There can be more than one effective indices depending on the modes that are excited in the waveguide.

Punnag Padhy

Volodymyr Fesenko

You can see this sourse:

http://opt.zju.edu.cn/zjuopt2/upload/resources/chapter8%20Fiber%20Optics.pdf

Ahmad Naseri Taheri

Dear HamidReaza

See the attached file; maybe usefull.

Regards.