Maha - the abstract should contain summary information of the following - whether headings are used or not:

Aims/objectives

Topic background

Methodology/methods

Findings/results

Conclusion

Recommendations for practice

Cheers on completing your coursework.

First, this depends on your area of focus. Scientific research would necessitate different conventions that, let's say, someone studying interpretive dance.

However, the link below is my graduation gift to you! Enjoy this pirated book that should provide you with the information you seek!

PLEASE go to ProQuest or your collegiate library and pull ANY theses or dissertations even near the subject you are writing about. Here is a link to mine: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&cluster=12622922739631355434&btnI=1&hl=en

Please feel free to email me should you have questions! [email protected]

Dean Whitehead Madison Hedrick

Thank you so much for this valuable information, and thank you for the wonderful book, I will definitely read it soon. Much appreciated !

Very welcome!

The following publications/link/discussion may further help:

• Alexandrov, A. V. and Hennerici, M. G. (2007) Writing good abstracts, Cerebrovascular Diseases, 23, 4, pp. 256-259.
• Andrade, C. (2011) How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation, Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 53, 2, pp. 172-175.
• Assan, J. Writing the Conclusion Chapter: the Good, the Bad and the Missing, Development Studies Association Annual Postgraduate Workshop, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK, 1-3 June, 2009: University of Liverpool, pp. 1-8.
• Bavdekar, S. B. and Gogtay, N. J. (2015) Writing an Abstract for a Research Manuscript: Providing an Honest, Succinct and Complete Summary, The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 63, 12, pp. 64-67.
• Bunton, D. (2005) The structure of Ph.D conclusion chapters, Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 4, 3, pp. 207-224.
• Hengl, T. and Gould, M. (2002) Rules of thumb for writing research articles, International Institute for Geo-information science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede, pp. 1-9.
• Jalalian, M. (2012) Writing an eye-catching and evocative abstract for a research article: A practical approach [Editorial], Electronic Physician, 4, 3, pp. 520-524.
• Labani, S., Wadhwa, K. and Asthana, S. (2017) Basic Approach to Data Analysis and Writing of Results and Discussion Sections, MAMC Journal of Medical Sciences, 3, 1, pp. 6-15.
• Mack, C. A. (2012) Editorial - How to write a good scientific paper: title, abstract, and keywords, Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS, 11, 2, pp. 1-4.
• What are the information we have to include in the abstract and conclusion while writing research articles?: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_are_the_information_we_have_to_include_in_the_abstract_and_conclusion_while_writing_research_articles