"A starting voltage of 500 V is useful, but operating voltages are in the range of 150-300 V. In many instruments, the current supplied to the lamp is modulated. Hollow cathode lamps may also be pulsed or run continuously."
2-Hollow-cathode lamps are comparatively free from self -absorption, if run at low current why?
Dear Mr Yvl, starting voltage is similar to motor in refrigerator. It is necessary to light the lamp. The operating voltage must be lower to increase the lifetime of the hollow cathode lamp. If operating voltage is higher, the vaporized metal of the cathode is deposited on window of the lamp, obstructing it. The current supplied to the lamp through electronic circuit must be modulated or be pulsed to compensate the fluctuations of the electrical network (110/220 V - 50/60 Hz). The term modulated or pulsed means that the lamp, on and off, in time period or in a frequency. However, the manufacturers invented a new, the lamp,of discharge without electrode (electrodeless lamp). See the link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeless_lamp. This lamp is well better than hollow cathode Iamp. I hope to have helped you.
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