What does the fertility of soil depend upon of soil and type of farming improves the soil fertility and factors contribute to the formation and fertility of soil?
Soil pH helps in maintaining the nutrient availability of the soil. A pH range between 5.5-7 is optimum for soil fertility. Land fertility is proportional to the amount of humus present. Humus contains nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, necessary for most plants. Humus increases soil fertility, creating an ideal microclimate for crop development with a favorable temperature, adequate moisture, and air. India has the most arable land in the world followed by the United States, Russia, China and Brazil. India and the United States account for roughly 22% of the world's arable land. Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil, followed by black soil, red soil, laterite soil, and desert soil. Its fertility depends on its minerals and organic content. Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation; by micro-dose. The relief features, parent material, climate, vegetation, and other life-forms, as well as time apart from human activities, are the major factors responsible for the formation of soil.
Soil fertility cannot be improved in a short period of time, as it is influenced by multiple factors. The implementation of various soil and crop management practices can enhance and build up soil fertility. However, it is crucial to tailor these practices to the specific soil properties and climate of the area.
Soil properties pH, texture and different clay minerals can have an influence on soil fertility. Soil biology organisms living in the soil break down animal and plant matter into nutrient forms that can be used by plants and soil organic matter important for holding nutrients until they can be taken up by plants. Soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation. The factors affecting soil fertility may be of two types; (a) Natural factor and (b) Artificial factor. The natural factors are those which influence the soil formation and the artificial factors are related to the proper use of land. Soil fertility and nutrient management is one of the important factors that have a direct impact on crop yield and quality. Irrespective of the size of your field or plot, supplying plants with the right amount of nutrients at the right time is the key to a successful crop production enterprise. Fertile soils teem with life. Porous loamy soils are the richest of all, laced with organic matter which retains water and provides the nutrients needed by crops. Sand and clay soils tend to have less organic matter and have drainage problems: sand is very porous and clay is impermeable. A soil's natural fertility depends largely on the parent materials from which the soil has developed and the original vegetation. Nutrients are held in the soil as electrically charged ions that can be positive or negative. Among features of climate, temperature and rainfall are the ones that affect the soil fertility. Crops yield obtained from fields depends on rainfall and temperature. Greenhouse gases have a great impact on climate which in turn has an effect on temperature and rainfall.
Dear Rk Naresh,
The main criteria are the soil texture: it should allow good (optimum) air and water circulation, and a balanced mix between clay, Limone, and sand. Chemical criteria: ph between 6.5 till 8, and major elements NPK to be suitable for a wide range of cultures. organic criteria: 2 to 5% of the organic matter. A good amount of humus plays a key role in the circulation, absorption, and absorption of the main plant elements.
The diversity of soil microorganisms is very important for soil fertility.
I agree with Abdulridha Taha Sarhan that soil fertility can be further improved by incorporating cover crops that add organic matter to the soil, which leads to improved soil structure and promotes a healthy, fertile soil; by using green manure or growing legumes to fix nitrogen from the air through the process of biological nitrogen fixation. Among features of climate, temperature and rainfall are the ones that affect the soil fertility. Crops yield obtained from fields depends on rainfall and temperature. Greenhouse gases have a great impact on climate which in turn has an effect on temperature and rainfall. Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil, followed by black soil, red soil, laterite soil, and desert soil. Its fertility depends on its minerals and organic content. In general, the fertility of a soil depends on the climate and geographical terrain of its region. The soil that naturally contains some nutrients and is considered fertile is known as inherent fertility. Some of the nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are considered essential for the normal growth and yield of the crop. These are naturally present in naturally fertile soil. Soil pH helps in maintaining the nutrient availability of the soil. A pH range between 5.5-7 is optimum for soil fertility. Manure is the organic matter mainly animal feces and straw. It adds nutrients in the soil, which increases the soil fertility.Land fertility is proportional to the amount of humus present. Humus contains nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, necessary for most plants. Humus increases soil fertility, creating an ideal microclimate for crop development with a favorable temperature, adequate moisture, and air. When the nutrient level is too low, the plant cannot function properly and produce the food necessary to feed the worlds' population. Once crops are harvested for human consumption, the natural supply of nutrients in the soil must be “re-filled”. This is why farmers add nutrients to their soils. Soil fertility can be increased by altering the pH and air content of the soil and by the addition of fertilizers to the soil. Soil is an essential part of successful farming and the original source of nutrients used in crop growing. The nutrients transfer from the soil into plants which make food healthier. Healthy soil produces the most nutritious and most abundant food supply. Soils are formed through the interaction of five major factors: time, climate, parent material, topography and relief, and organisms. The relative influence of each factor varies from place to place, but the combination of all five factors normally determines the kind of soil developing in any given place. Sunlight falls on large rocks making them expand, and at the night they condense. This causes cracking of the rocks which leads to the formation of soil. Water: Water gets into cracks formed by the sun and when it freezes, the rocks crack. This leads to the denudation of the rock surface and forms soil.