the chemical fertilizers and pesticides have important role in crop production but recently appeared many problems and caused environmental pollution What do you think about using the chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the future?
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides by farmers in agriculture to enhance crop yield is detrimental to environment and human health. Fertilizers and pesticides use has led to the problem of air, water and soil pollution. The nitrous oxide (N2O) produced by microbial action on inorganic fertilizers in soil causes depletion of stratospheric ozone layer, which serve as shield against harmful UV-rays emanating from the sun.
Fertilizers applied to the field are drained by rain water to rivers and lakes causing water pollution. The phenomenon of nutrient enrichment of aquatic bodies is known as eutrophication, which deteriorate the water quality leading to death of fishes. Moreover, the seepage of fertilizers and pesticides also pollutes the ground water.
Pesticides such as DDT are non-biodegradable and are fat-soluble which enter the food chain and reach the human body where they are deposited in adipose tissue. When oxidation of the fat takes place, the pesticides are released in the system causing harmful effect to human health.
Endosulphan is a commonly used pesticide for the control of pests in rice crop is highly hazardous as it causes serious eye, kidney and liver disorders. The harmful effects of endosulphan on human health have been reported from the state of Kerala in Indi. The concentration of pesticides increases with increasing food chain and the phenomenon is known as biomagnification or biological amplification. India's daily diet is reported to contain 270 µg of DDT. The concentration of DDT in Indians has reached to alarming proportions ranging between 13 to 31 ppm (parts per million). There have been reports of cases of cancer, deformities, hepatic diseases and neurological disorders due to pesticide poisoning in cotton growing belts of India.
The excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers decreases the potassium content of the food grains. Potassium is important element, which controls the rise in blood pressure and also avoid the risks of heart attack. The excessive potash treatment decreases valuable nutrients in foods, such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and carotene. Vitamin C boosts the defense system while carotene is the precursor of vitamin A, which is important for the vision. The nitrate fertilizer increase the crop yield (carbohydrate) but at the cost of proteins. Moreover, subtle balance of amino acids is disturbed within the protein molecule thus lowering the protein quality. Therefore, the escalating problem of cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, night blindness and other eye disorders, malnutrition and susceptibility to infectious diseases is owing to excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture.
Please also see these useful RG links and PDF attachments.
Conference Paper Health impacts of the Green Revolution: A retrospective look.
Chapter Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Pesticide Use in Agriculture
Article Chemical Pesticides and Human Health: The Urgent Need for a ...
Chapter Impact of Fertilizers and Pesticides on Soil Microfl ora in ...
Conference Paper Investigation of Effect of Chemical Fertilizers on Environment
Article POLLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS BY FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDE...
Chapter Adverse Health Effects of Pesticides Exposure in Agricultura...
Article Chemical use in farming and its health and environmental imp...
Article Effects of Environmental Pesticides on the Health of Rural C...
Article A Review on Impact of Agrochemicals on Human Health and Envi...
Article Impact of fertilizers on aquatic ecosystems and protection o...
Article Use Of Pesticides In Nepal And Impacts On Human Health And Environment
So called green revolution has worked to design the system of crop production around the use of synthetic chemicals which dominates the vast majority of our tillable lands globally. The staple grains have been bred to be dwarves so that high fertilizer N can be used without lodging the crop. The heavy N makes the crop more susceptible to diseases such as bacterial leaf diseases and sucking insects. The answer then becomes more chemical in the form of insecticides and assorted pesticides both herbicides and fungicides mainly. The dynamic of this systematic approach is to maximize the issues related to chemical inputs. These chemicals were designed based on their toxicity. Nitrogen fertilizer was first the source of explosive. The chemical warfare agents becoming the source of agriculture insecticides. This occurred by no accident but by a master malevolent plan to control the global food system. Small wonder that dead marine zones are found at the mouths of rivers which travel through the agricultural zones. In North America the incidence of birth defects from the nitrates and estrogenic pesticide coincide with the maize culture. The nitrates are well associated with spinal chord defects and the estrogenic materials with increases in reduction of male expression with males suffering from undescended testicles. The glysphosate herbicide now recognized as probable carcinogen and its use is well correlated with Parkinson disease epidemic, attention disorders in children and a range of digestive issues. The prevailing economic structure gives a false choice to use the chemical system or die of starvation. As we truly understand the vast issues related with chemical dependency of the world agricultural systems we will forced to make a prudent choice of going cold turkey. Luckily the Rodale Institute Farming System Trial has clearly demonstrated that biologically based soil first philosophy can be completely competitive with the chemical reliance and because improved soils both mitigate the effects of drought and counteract greenhouse gases there really is no argument that accelerating the transition for chemical to biological agriculture is a need whose time has come. Interestingly small farmers in the tropics when they no longer can afford high input agriculture generally use paraquat herbicide to end their misery. The take home point is not only can we do much better but indeed the time has come that we must.
Perhaps we have reached a point that we cannot stop using both fertilizers and pesticides to grow enough food for the burgeoning population. There is a proper way to use these chemicals. When the proper way is not followed, there is every possibility that these chemicals leave soil-plant system and reach the environment where these are considered as pollutants. Thus, need of the time is to apply these chemicals as per need of the crops and following proper way.
thank yo so much Bijay Singh ,
John Raymund D. Torres
Paul Reed Hepperly
I think they do quite a bit of environmental damage. Natural or organic fertilizers are more eco-friendly and it would minimize or eliminate run off problems, poisoning of humans, animals and birds, etc.
I agree with Bijay Singh
Apply these chemicals as needed for crops and follow the appropriate method.
thank you so much for your discussion, John Raymund D. Torres
I think based on the constrains associated with the use of synthetic chemicals, the demand for an alternative like the use of biopesticide is of crucial importance.
The successful use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides depends on two factors: 1. do you have an intensive export oriented agriculture or more subsistence / local farming?
2. How important is agribusiness for the whole economy in your region? Can the consumers afford organicly farmed products? Or are the people willing to accept the impact of the chemicals?
I think the use of chemicals differs a lot depending ond region and product that is farmed. And any change will differ as much. Asking both questions should give you a rather prcise answer for the region you are looking at.
These chemicals have done so much bad in the environmental as well as human and animal healths, and their use is seemed to be unavoidable due to the increasing population and food demands. However, natural unharmful substances (such as chitosan from crustaceans etc) can be produced and tried if it can serve alternatively.
Well I guess it depends. In some parts of Southern Africa, due to the poor soil fertility, definitely fertilizer use is imperative if meaningful 9and profitable) yields are to be realized. Definitely there is some environmental damage due to fertilizers being washed into water sources etc.
I think, as long as we can used it properly, it's ok ....even for soil with a good fertility levels, you still need applied chemical fertilizer. But, i think the point is how we use the fertilizer properly ....
the equation of agricultural production was
fertilizer cost+ pesticide cost= money yield for farmer pay from customer
fertilizer and pesticide waste recycling +drug cost for waste disease pollutant
was more than 4 multiple money yield for farmer
I think that we must direct research in direction to replace it by organic manures
There is a strongly stated view that synthetic fertilizers and pesticides are fine as long as they are applied according to directions. The debacle of issues related to these inputs are not avoided by their legal application. In fact the vast majority of them have occurred within a legal context applied according to product labels. I would dare say the vast majority in North America are applied consistent with label instructions. The myth of technologies being appropriate is like the issues with opoid addiction we have the issues whether they were applied according to prescription or not. The hallmark technology of Roundup Ready genotypes was touted as something which would reduce pesticide applications but the reality it has led to increased use especially of Roundup which is now being found to have carcinogenicity which was not uncovered by the proponents support material. Applicators of Roundup have double the rate of Parkinson Disease in addition with issue of carcinogenicity. A grounds worker who was employed to applied Roundup has suffered from Lymphoma with the prospect of living till 50 years rather than 80 years. The worth of this shortening of life and suffering was deemed worth $286 million USD. As Antonine Frangoie points we need to change our viewpoints and make real efforts to replace these inputs for ones by their nature are not fraught with these real environmental and health issues.
As long as we can used it properly, it's ok fertilizae aplication even for soil with a good fertility levels, you still need applied chemical fertilizer. But, i think the point is how we use the fertilizer and pesticides properly .
I believe that the use of these chemical compounds in fertilization and pesticides will not end as long as they are used properly and rationally and that alternatives are found that are natural and do not affect the environment. The creation of resistant varieties of geniamen plants may greatly reduce their use but will not be used for the foreseeable future despite the negative effects of this use.
I have the same opinion.
But I think that the question is "Is it possible for now to remplace chemicals fertilizer by organic manure or others good practices with the same results ?"
The life of a cropping system depends on the life in the cropping system.
One can only go so far with chemically based input system before it hits the wall. As the Area Research Manager for Asgrow Seed Company we were situated in a very depleted soil with severe constraints in the tropical oxisol with multiple deficiencies and toxicities.
Our results as a baseline were among the lowest in the worldwide research and development system. What we experienced is that chemical inputs alone did not resolve our issues which were found from the soil inadequacies. When I instituted a crop rotation strategy and incorporated an organic amendment and soil rectification system our results were transformed. Indeed our 10 meter experimental units which previously had issues producing the results needed to satisfy our needs were not longer needed.
We able to get better results with our 3 meter row than previously was available in the long rows. As a result of the soil improvement from the rotation and organic amendment our pesticide bill was drastically reduced as our results were drastically improved.
Our results were celebrated with our Global work by being voted the best research and development station with our corporation. The bottomline is that not only an organic approach is able to get the optimal results from our crops. A strictly chemical system cannot rather without an organically optimized system the highest yield and quality are compromised.
From my experience the better question is; Is it possible for chemical systems to reach the results of biologically based system which concentrate of targeted focus on the soil and its life?
The answer is an emphatic and definitive no.
Dear Paul Reed Hepperly
Thank you for your attention and reply on my question.I agree with you.
Regards,
Despite possible and proven adverse effects, I think their use will grow in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously assess the risks to human health and the environment.
Chemical pollution is the largest pollution among the types of environmental pollutants. The most important sources are insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. The problem of pesticide residues in food is the most dangerous because these compounds have the characteristic of accumulation in humans, animals and the environment. It is the resulting gases from the exhaust
Dear Djaafar Zemali
Thank you for your attention and reply on my question.
Regards,
Chemical fertilizers, which are contaminated with soil and water, have bad effects on human health. Factory waste is also one of the most dangerous substances that pollute the soil and water produced by factory waste. These compounds are toxic and have a negative effect on the environment, food and human health. Direct use of fertilizers, pesticides or indirect gases from factories and others and because this type of pollution is the largest and most dangerous, so must develop programs to reduce emissions from factories and car exhausts and reduce the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers and focus on B And safer use of pesticides and prevent the import and use of pesticides banned in the world.
There are also some chemical pollutants in food, which are usually added by human, including antibiotics and hormones used to treat animals and accelerate their growth, and also include flavor and color, and these chemical compounds have been responsible for many of the types of cancer currently
Currently, scientists are promoting organic or clean farming that takes into account the preservation of the ecosystems that are the very basis of life. Thus, the use of chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides is considered to have a major role for the short-term growth of production. however, there are many other environmental dam- ages, such as: air and water pollution, health disruption, and so on. Because of these bad consequences recorded, the resort to an agriculture which respect the ecological laws is of actuality. Nevertheless, these misdeeds can be mitigated by combining chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers (integrated management of soil fertility) or integrated management of nutrients. for synthetic pesticides, the use of biopesticides is recommended. However, currently with Genetically Modified Organisms (Example: Bt Corn), can produce crops producing insecticidal molecules. However, even at this point there are still discussions at the scientific level about the long-term consequences of GMOs.
Organic vs. Synthetic fertilizers..
never ending story...
thank you so much, Jelena B Popović-Djordjević,
that real, never ending story...
I think to feed such an enormous and growing world population, both CF and P are very much required and could not be replaced in near future.
However their judicious use in line with crop requirements and application of doses below residue detection limits safe for human consumption need to be emphasized on a greater extent.
Reducing Soil Pollution There are many things to follow to reduce soil pollution: waste recycling is one of the most important things to help protect land and soil from pollution. Care must be taken to buy products that can be recycled after use, such as : Paper, plastic, rather than placed in the landfill. Working on the treatment of solid waste before disposal, as it is possible to assign acid and alkaline waste before work to throw away and disposal so as not to contaminate the soil
There are a number of tools that help to combat water pollution: the separation of sewage pipes and organic waste from pipes that are connected to seawater or ocean so as to avoid contamination. It is important to maintain the periodic maintenance of these pipes and follow up on their condition , And its efficiency for use. Allocating special areas for production plants to get rid of their waste in the best ways, and the least harmful to the surrounding environment, such as the use of chemical analysis of the remnants of factories, or recycling for reuse. Disposal of mixed water residues through burning or clouds. Oil is usually mixed with water because of marine accidents associated with the sinking of vessels carrying oil. Provide suitable areas for the fragmentation of household waste, and must be located in places far from any source of water, or any residential communities, or vital. The use of the means of burying nuclear and radioactive waste deep underground, thus preserving the purity of water stored in the inner layers of the earth.
Deal all
In my opinion, the application of chemical fertilizers in appropriate combination (withing recommendation) may not be harmful to soil as well as the environment (or other resources). However, in past few couple of decades, for the sake of achieving higher productivity, the farmers have started supplying overdoses of theses chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Thus, using these chemicals to such limits in future may be greatly harmful to soil health, human health and the environment. So, there is a need to promote organic farming and Bio-fertilzers technology with a significant reduction in chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) with the passage of time.
Thanks
Thank you very much, Mr. Mahesh Chand Singh for your contribution to that discussion. I am personally delighted to have read you.
Nevertheless, if we look at how the world is changing in terms of population growth (rampant population growth) in the face of logarithmic growth in production, the use of organic fertilizers alone will not solve the problem of famine in the world and it's a losing battle. Indeed, so-called conventional agriculture (using chemical fertilizers and pesticides, ..., per excellence) is always more productive than organic farming. Indeed, in terms of concentration and balance, mineral fertilizers are well supplied than organic and organic fertilizers. To this is added the quantities used to cover one hectare, which, as we know, are low for chemical fertilizers and high for organic fertilizers, despite all the advantages and disadvantages noted in each case. Thus, although this reflection is considered as an endless story (said Jelena B Popović-Djordjević via this debate), considering the experience of each of us and around the world, organic farming is less productive than the conventional agriculture. Hence, the raison d'être of Integrated Soil Fertility Management. The following :
www.editions-harmattan.fr/index.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=livre&no=53019
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides by farmers in agriculture to enhance crop yield is detrimental to environment and human health. Fertilizers and pesticides use has led to the problem of air, water and soil pollution. The nitrous oxide (N2O) produced by microbial action on inorganic fertilizers in soil causes depletion of stratospheric ozone layer, which serve as shield against harmful UV-rays emanating from the sun.
Fertilizers applied to the field are drained by rain water to rivers and lakes causing water pollution. The phenomenon of nutrient enrichment of aquatic bodies is known as eutrophication, which deteriorate the water quality leading to death of fishes. Moreover, the seepage of fertilizers and pesticides also pollutes the ground water.
Pesticides such as DDT are non-biodegradable and are fat-soluble which enter the food chain and reach the human body where they are deposited in adipose tissue. When oxidation of the fat takes place, the pesticides are released in the system causing harmful effect to human health.
Endosulphan is a commonly used pesticide for the control of pests in rice crop is highly hazardous as it causes serious eye, kidney and liver disorders. The harmful effects of endosulphan on human health have been reported from the state of Kerala in Indi. The concentration of pesticides increases with increasing food chain and the phenomenon is known as biomagnification or biological amplification. India's daily diet is reported to contain 270 µg of DDT. The concentration of DDT in Indians has reached to alarming proportions ranging between 13 to 31 ppm (parts per million). There have been reports of cases of cancer, deformities, hepatic diseases and neurological disorders due to pesticide poisoning in cotton growing belts of India.
The excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers decreases the potassium content of the food grains. Potassium is important element, which controls the rise in blood pressure and also avoid the risks of heart attack. The excessive potash treatment decreases valuable nutrients in foods, such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and carotene. Vitamin C boosts the defense system while carotene is the precursor of vitamin A, which is important for the vision. The nitrate fertilizer increase the crop yield (carbohydrate) but at the cost of proteins. Moreover, subtle balance of amino acids is disturbed within the protein molecule thus lowering the protein quality. Therefore, the escalating problem of cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, night blindness and other eye disorders, malnutrition and susceptibility to infectious diseases is owing to excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture.
Please also see these useful RG links and PDF attachments.
Conference Paper Health impacts of the Green Revolution: A retrospective look.
Chapter Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Pesticide Use in Agriculture
Article Chemical Pesticides and Human Health: The Urgent Need for a ...
Chapter Impact of Fertilizers and Pesticides on Soil Microfl ora in ...
Conference Paper Investigation of Effect of Chemical Fertilizers on Environment
Article POLLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS BY FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDE...
Chapter Adverse Health Effects of Pesticides Exposure in Agricultura...
Article Chemical use in farming and its health and environmental imp...
Article Effects of Environmental Pesticides on the Health of Rural C...
Article A Review on Impact of Agrochemicals on Human Health and Envi...
Article Impact of fertilizers on aquatic ecosystems and protection o...
Article Use Of Pesticides In Nepal And Impacts On Human Health And Environment
Many chemical fertilizers and pesticides used a few decade ago are presently not in use. It is due to understanding of their strong detrimental effects.
The presently used substitutes are not totally safe, but what can be done?
In India, you have to supply food to 130 crore people everyday!
The agricultural land area is reducing everyday due to rapid urbanisation. You have to use such technologies where effective alternative is not available.
Good enough answers and materials have been given by Dr. Arvind.
Best!
I agree with the answers of my previous colleagues. In any case, I would like to underline some aspects related to both chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The need to increase agricultural production comes primarily from the need to eradicate hunger in the world. If it is true that every day in the world about 25 thousand people die from hunger or hunger-related diseases, chemical fertilizers and pesticides have failed their primary objective. Moreover, the chemical fertilizers and pesticides have allowed a huge overproduction of some products to the detriment: small producers (those who produce what is strictly necessary to feed the family); terrestrial and marine environment (environmental degradation also in terms of biodiversity); impoverishment of agricultural land (to produce the same quantities, it is necessary to increase the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides year after year). Who has benefited, in economic terms, from the increase in production due to the chemical fertilizers and pesticides? Mainly: the large companies that produce chemical fertilizers and pesticides and large farms. It is absolutely necessary: to return to organic fertilizers; restore biodiversity (if possible reintroducing predators who were the first victims of pesticides); increase scientific research for agriculture more and more; convert the chemical fertilizer industry back to industry for organic fertilizers; reconvert the pesticide industry to the biological fight industry etc ..
There are many types of fertilizers available. Chemical fertilizers are prefferred because they pack a lot of nutrition, into a fairly small quantity of product. You can say the farmer can provide the nutrients needed, without having to handle large volumes of product. Thus making it easier and more convenient to plant crops. And making it possible to ‘give back’ what previous crops have removed. In other words invest back into the soil.
Dear Djaafar Zemali, What you say is true fertilizer is of less volume and they do stimulate crop yield. Here are some of caveats however ammoniated fertilizer the most common is a strong source of acidification about 40% of the world soils have tendency of problems in that regard and in many acid regions they have no infrastructure for liming. Perhaps even more important is the role soluble nitrogen in fouling water systems. Of equal importance is that many of the areas employing a ammoniated fertilizer dependency end with compromised soil organic matter. Soil organic matter is biggest source of retaining water in many soils as this is compromised the soil will under perform under drought when production is most needed. With the growing concern of address global greenhouse gases and environmental concerns to focusing on the soil organic matter can be way of improving the environment greenhouse gas issues and make the crop system more able to mitigate periodic droughts which are biggest limitation of rain fed agriculture which prevails still in the majority of tillable lands.
In terms of pesticides it is very true that for a short time them can give some positive response but the reliance of these has been shown to bred greater issue through increased pest resistance and the super weeds and pests. Despite the stressing of safe pesticide use they generally have sizable issues to human, animal and environmental health.
In an organic approach the soil is improved by systematic practice so neither synthetic fertilizer nor pesticides are the center focus. If legumes are used for nitrogen requirement the application is reduced to bacterial inoculum which certainly is more easily applied than synthetic ammoniated fertilizer.
There is no real insufficiency in nitrogen with 80% of the air composed of nitrogen gases which legumes and other nitrogen fixers can readily utilize.
In the other big symbiosis which is mycorrhizal fungi the ability of which can reduce the external requirement of fertilizer P by 75%.
are of the importance of our environment and health it may be unavoidable to utilize biological inputs than synthetic chemical ones both in terms of fertilizers and pesticides.
As we are more awa
Simply, Fertilizers and pesticides for plants are like food and medicament's for human. they are necessary for healthy growth but overusing them will cause problems. So their use will increase as the expansion of agriculture increases but the question is "Are we able to rationalize their uses?". Growers are playing safe in terms of production. So they will not risk reducing their yield if they reduced the application of these inputs. Until most consumers pay premium price for the nutritional quality of agricultural products, the use of fertilizers and pesticides will grow.
Chemicals have deteriorated soil health/quality, air in the environment and sub-surface water. For example: The most progressive state of India i. e. Punjab is facing serious crisises in terms of deadly diseases through usage of polluted water (groundwater) as a result of excessive usage of agro-chemicals.
The so called green revolution was designed to increase yield of basic grains concentrating on production systems which increased the use and dependency on synthetic inputs. As Mahesh Chand Singh aptly points to the problems with their usage are related to environmental and health issues. When the cure is the problem as in so called green revolution we need to re evaluate our agricultural approach. As in un restricted pharma dependency we need to get off the drugs and return to methods which will stimulate our natural ability to deal with issues of health and productivity. Our natural resources and bodies are too valuable to be guinea pigs for a world which is increasingly controlled by large multi national interests which drive us to be drugged and our food to be sprayed. There are natural ways to deal with all these issues without destroying our fields and bodies to feed the corporate interest.
In many areas the certified production of food by organic methods can allow farmers to capture a premium organic price on their production. For the consumer they have more security of not being exposed to pesticides synthetic fertilizer and that the farmer uses a soil improvement plan.
One of the reasons that crops respond so readily to addition of fertilizer and pesticide inputs is the depleted nature of the soil. I believe with optimizing soil nutrition and health the issues of pests and nutrition will be much reduced. The green revolution approaches and much of the intensified 20 th century approach did not put emphasis on soil quality but people production eggs in the basket of inputs and new generation genetics. As a consequence we have been experiencing greatly increased fertilizer and pesticide use and our soil resources are much deteriorated.
undoubtedly, both chemical fertilizers and pesticides inputs to increase the potential productivity of crops. They play a role important in the sustainable and resilience agriculture through of the nutrition to improve the growth and development of the plants, in addition, to providing resistance to pest and diseases. However, the supply chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture must be applied by site-specific to regulate the impact in the environmental, economic and social promoted by the intensification and expansion of the agriculture. Although in the future, the development of efficient biological methods will reduce the supply of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture.
While proponents of GMO agriculture initially pointed to potential for higher yield and reduced use of agrichemicals it would difficult to see that after several decades of their use that either pesticide use has been proven to have decreased nor yield can be shown to have been substantially increased.
On the other hand, one of the main influences of this revolution has been a steady decline of farm and farmer numbers and their incomes and rapid ascendancy of corporations which control agriculture and food through monopolistic influence or input supply. This goes against a free economy where many options are available.
The widespread development of glyphosate resistance weeds has the GMO interest developing resistance to dicamba one of hormonal herbicidal components of agent orange widely known as generator of birth defects.
Another factor is that largest GMO glyphosate resistance was suggested by the manufacturer to have no significant health and environmental effects and these claims have been largely disclaimed as World Health Organization points to independent studies that suggest glyphosate is a probable carcinogen.
In addition It also has been found to accumulate in the human body, domesticated animals and the environment. Experts in the field point to it being greater endocrine disrupter life is exposed to.
A lot of claims have been made for GMO technology but so far it has been conclusively shown to increase seed cost, prevent farmers for using their own seed lead to the development of super pests and greatly reduced biological diversity known for its positive effect of ecosystem health.
The so called green revolution was designed around the intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides it was assumed that these agents were innocuous.
This has been proven wrong and the way we proceed into a healthier future will require the jettisoning of many tenets of the false green revolution.
In this so called revolution the biggest green is the increase money and control of multiple national input providers are exerting much of which do not favor the farmer or the consumer.
thank you so much Paul Reed Hepperly , Andres Felipe León-Burgos , Suparna Roy , Mahesh Chand Singh , Youssef Sassine
Agrochemicals are very important for agricultural production. the problem is in its misuse. Until there is a technique that produce safer fertilizers and pesticides regardless of their application dosages, the usage of agrochemicals will increase.
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Cognitive Science
- Thinking